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Ⱥɬɨɦɞɵԕ ɨɪɛɢɬɚɥɶ ɝɢɛɪɢɞɬɟɥɭɿ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧ ɬɵԑɵɡɞɵԑɵɧɵԙ
ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɚɞɚ ɧɟԑԝɪɥɵɦ ɫɢɦɦɟɬɪɢɹɥɵ ɨɪɧɚɥɚɫɭɵɧɚ ɫɟɛɟɩɲɿ ɛɨɥɚɞɵ.
Ⱥɬɨɦɞɵԕ
s
-
ɠԥɧɟ
ɪ
-
ɨɪɛɢɬɚɥɶɞɚɪɵ ɤɨɦɛɢɧɚɰɢɹɥɚɧɭɵ (
sp
-
ɝɢɛɪɢɞɬɟɥɭɿ
) ɛɚɪɵɫɵɧɞɚ ɫɚɥɵɫɬɵɪɦɚɥɵ ɬԛɪɞɟ ɛɿɪ
-
ɛɿɪɿɦɟɧ 180°
ɛԝɪɵɲɩɟɧ ɨɪɧɚɥɚɫԕɚɧ (4.2
-
ɫɭɪɟɬ) ɟɤɿ ɝɢɛɪɢɞɬɟɥɝɟɧ ɨɪɛɢɬɚɥɶ
ɬɭɵɧɞɚɣɞɵ. Ȼɿɪ
s
-
ɠԥɧɟ ɟɤɿ
ɪ
-
ɨɪɛɢɬɚɥɶɞɚɪɵɧɵԙ ɚɪɚɥɚɫɭɵ (
sɪ
2
–
ɝɢɛɪɢɞɬɟɥɭɿ
) ɛɿɪ
-
ɛɿɪɿɦɟɧ 120° ɛԝɪɵɲɩɟɧ (4.3
-
ɫɭɪɟɬ) ɨɪɧɚɥɚɫԕɚɧ ԛɲ
ɝɢɛɪɢɞɬɟɥɝɟɧ ɨɪɛɢɬɚɥɶɞɿԙ ɬԛɡɿɥɭɿɧɟ ԥɤɟɥɟɞɿ.
4.2-
ɫɭɪɟɬ –
sp
–
ɝɢɛɪɢɞɬɟɥɭɿɧɿԙ ɫɵɡɛɚɫɵ.
4.3-
ɫɭɪɟɬ – sɪ
2
–ɝɢɛɪɢɞɬɟɥɭɿɧɿԙ ɫɵɡɛɚɫɵ:
ɚ
– (s+ ɪ + ɪ) – ɨɪɛɢɬɚɥɿ;
ɛ
– ԛɲ sɪ
2
– ɨɪɛɢɬɚɥɿ.
Ȼɿɪ s
-
ɠԥɧɟ ԛɲ ɪ
-
ɨɪɛɢɬɚɥɶɞɚɪɵɧɵԙ ԧɡɚɪɚ ԥɪɟɤɟɬɬɟɫɭɿɧɟɧ
ɬԛɡɿɥɟɬɿɧ ɬԧɪɬ ɝɢɛɪɢɞɬɟɥɝɟɧ ɨɪɛɢɬɚɥɶɞɚɪɞɵԙ ɛɚɪɥɵԑɵ ɤɟԙɿɫ
-
ɬɿɤɬɟɝɿ ɬɟɬɪɚɷɞɪɞɵԙ ɬԧɪɬ ɛԝɪɵɲɵɧɚ ɫɢɦɦɟɬɪɢɹɥɵ ɛɚԑɵɬɬɚɥԑɚɧ
sɪ
3
– ɝɢɛɪɢɞɬɟɥɭɿ
ɧԥɬɢɠɟɫɿɧɞɟ ɩɚɣɞɚ ɛɨɥɚɞɵ, ɞɟɦɟɤ, 109°28'
ɛԝɪɵɲ ɠɚɫɚɩ ɨɪɧɚɥɚɫɚɞɵ (4.4
-
ɫɭɪɟɬ).
4.4-
ɫɭɪɟɬ –
s
ɪ
3
–
ɝɢɛɪɢɞɬɟɥɭɿɧɿԙ ɫɵɡɛɚɫɵ
:
ɚ –
(s + p+ ɪ + ɪ)
–
ɨɪɛɢɬɚɥɿ
;
ɛ –
ɬԧɪɬ
s
ɪ
3
–
ɨɪɛɢɬɚɥɿ.