Упрощенная HTML-версия
85
Ȼɿɪ s
–
ɠԥɧɟ ԛɲ ɪ
–
ɨɪɛɢɬɚɥɶɞɚɪɵɧɵԙ ԧɡɚɪɚ ԥɪɟɤɟɬɬɟɫɭɿɧɟɧ
ɬԛɡɿɥɟɬɿɧ ɬԧɪɬ ɝɢɛɪɢɞɬɟɥɝɟɧ ɨɪɛɢɬɚɥɶɞɚɪɞɵԙ ɛɚɪɥɵԑɵ ɤɟԙɿɫ
-
ɬɿɤɬɟɝɿ ɬɟɬɪɚɷɞɪɞɵԙ ɬԧɪɬ ɛԝɪɵɲɵɧɚ ɫɢɦɦɟɬɪɢɹɥɵ ɛɚԑɵɬɬɚɥԑɚɧ
sɪ
3
– ɝɢɛɪɢɞɬɟɥɭɿ
ɧԥɬɢɠɟɫɿɧɞɟ ɩɚɣɞɚ ɛɨɥɚɞɵ, ɞɟɦɟɤ, 109°28'
ɛԝɪɵɲ ɠɚɫɚɩ ɨɪɧɚɥɚɫɚɞɵ (4.4
-
ɫɭɪɟɬ).
ɋɨɧɞɵԕɬɚɧ, ɚɬɨɦ ɨɪɛɢɬɚɥɶɞɚɪɵɧɵԙ ԥɪɟɤɟɬɬɟɫɟɬɿɧ ɫɚɧɵ ɠԥɧɟ
ɫɢɩɚɬɬɚɦɚɫɵ ɝɢɛɪɢɞɬɟɥɭ ɬɢɩɿɧ ɠԥɧɟ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɚɥɚɪɞɵԙ ɝɟɨɦɟɬ
-
ɪɢɹɥɵԕ ɮɨɪɦɚɫɵɧ ɚɧɵԕɬɚɣɞɵ. ɀɨԑɚɪɵɞɚ ɤԧɪɫɟɬɿɥɝɟɧ
s
ɪ
-, s
ɪ
2
-,
s
ɪ
3
-
ɝɢɛɪɢɞɬɟɥɭɞɟɧ ɛɚɫԕɚ dsp
2
-
(ɤɜɚɞɪɚɬ), sp
3
d-
(ɛɢɩɢɪɚɦɢɞɚ),
d
2
sp
3
-
ɧɟɦɟɫɟ sp
3
d
2
-
(ɨɤɬɚɷɞɪ), sp
3
d
4
-
(ɤɭɛ) ɝɢɛɪɢɞɬɟɥɭɞɿԙ ɬԛɪɥɟɪɿ
ɛɚɪ.
4.4 ʒˆːˆˮˏ˩ˌ ʴʲˇˏʲˑ˩˖˘˩˒ ˖ˆ˔ʲ˘˘ʲːʲˏʲ˕˩
ɏɢɦɢɹɥɵԕ ɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫɬɵԙ ɧɟɝɿɡɝɿ ɫɢɩɚɬɬɚɦɚɥɚɪɵ ɨɧɵԙ
Ρɡɵɧ
-
ɞɵΕɵ, ɷɧɟɪɝɢɹɫɵ, ɜɚɥɟɧɬɬɿɤ ɛΡɪɵɲɵ, ɩɨɥɸɫɬɿɥɿɝɿ ɠΩɧɟ
ɛɚΕɵɬɬɚɥɭɵ
ɛɨɥɵɩ ɬɚɛɵɥɚɞɵ.
x
Ȼɚɣɥɚɧɵɫ ΡɡɵɧɞɵΕɵ
– ɚɬɨɦɞɚɪ ɹɞɪɨɥɚɪɵɧɵΝ ɚɪɚɥɚ
-
ɪɵɧɞɚ ɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫ ɨɪɧɚΕɚɧɧɚɧ ɤɟɣɿɧɝɿ ɨɥɚɪɞɵΝ ɚɪɚ ΙɚɲɵΙɬɵΕɵ.
x
Ȼɚɣɥɚɧɵɫ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɹɫɵ
– 1 ɦɨɥɶ ɡɚɬɬɵ ΙΡɪɚɣɬɵɧ ɦɨɥɟɤɭ
-
ɥɚɞɚΕɵ ɛɚɪɥɵΙ ɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫɬɵ Οɡɭɝɟ ɠΡɦɫɚɥΕɚɧ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɹ.
Ɇɵɫɚɥɵ
: E
ɛɚɣɥ
.
(ɇ
–
ɇ)
=
436 ɤȾɠ/ɦɨɥɶ, ɞɟɦɟɤ,
6,02
10
23
ɇ
–
ɇ
ɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫɵɧ ԛɡɭ ԛɲɿɧ 436 ɤȾɠ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɹ ɠԝɦɫɚɥɚɞɵ.
Ȼɚɣɥɚɧɵɫ ԝɡɵɧɞɵԑɵ ɦɟɧ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɹɫɵ ɨɧɵԙ
ɛɟɪɿɤɬɿɝɿɧɿΝ
ԧɥɲɟɦɿ ɛɨɥɵɩ ɬɚɛɵɥɚɞɵ
: ɷɧɟɪɝɢɹɫɵ ɧɟΕΡɪɥɵɦ ɤΫɩ, ɚɥ ΡɡɵɧɞɵΕɵ
ΙɵɫΙɚ ɛɨɥɫɚ, ɛΡɥ ɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫ ɛɟɪɿɤ ɛɨɥɚɞɵ.
Ȼɚɣɥɚɧɵɫɬɵԙ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɹɫɵ ɦɟɧ ԝɡɵɧɞɵԑɵ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧ ɛԝɥɬ
-
ɬɚɪɵɧɵԙ ԕɚɩɬɚɫɭ ɞԥɪɟɠɟɫɿɧɟ ɠԥɧɟ ɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫ ɟɫɟɥɿɝɿɧɟ (ɚɬɨɦɞɚɪ
ɚɪɚɫɵɧɞɚ ɬԛɡɿɥɟɬɿɧ ɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫɬɚɪ ɫɚɧɵ) ɬԥɭɟɥɞɿ:
ɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫ
ΡɡɵɧɞɵΕɵ (d) ΙɵɫΙɚ, ɚɥ ɨɧɵΝ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɹɫɵ (E) ɤΫɩ ɛɨɥΕɚɧ ɫɚɣɵɧ,
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧ ɛΡɥɬɬɚɪɵɧɵΝ Ιɚɛɵɫɭ ɞΩɪɟɠɟɫɿ ɠΩɧɟ ɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫ ɟɫɟɥɿɝɿ
ɤΫɩ ɛɨɥɚɞɵ.
Ɇɵɫɚɥɵ:
E
ɛɚɣɥ.
(ɋ
–
ɋ) = 348 ɤȾɠ/ɦɨɥɶ, d
ɛɚɣɥ.
(ɋ
–
ɋ) = 0,154 ɧɦ
E
ɛɚɣɥ
.
(ɋ
=
ɋ) = 614 ɤȾɠ/ɦɨɥɶ,
d
ɛɚɣɥ.
(ɋ=ɋ) = 0,133 ɧɦ
E
ɛɚɣɥ
.
(ɋ
{
ɋ) = 839 ɤȾɠ/ɦɨɥɶ,
d
ɛɚɣɥ.
(ɋ
{
ɋ) = 0,121 ɧɦ.
Ⱥɬɨɦɞɵԕ ɨɪɛɢɬɚɥɶɞɵԙ ԕɚɛɵɫɭ ɬԛɪɿ ɛɨɣɵɧɲɚ
V
–
,
S
–
ɠԥɧɟ
G
–
ɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫɬɚɪɵɧɵԙ ɬԛɡɿɥɭɿɧ ɚɧɵԕɬɚɣɞɵ.