Упрощенная HTML-версия
367
ȼ – ɧԝɫԕɚ.
ɋɵɧɚɭɵԕɬɚɪ, ɫɭ ɦɨɧɲɚɫɵ, ɦɵɪɵɲ
Zn
, ԕɨɪԑɚɫɵɧ
Pb ɬԛɣɿɪɲɿɤɬɟɪɿ, ԕɚɥɚɣɵ ԕɚԕɬɚɦɚɫɵ (ɮɨɥɶɝɚ) Sn, ɦɵɫ Cu ɫɵɦɵ
ɧɟɦɟɫɟ ɩɥɚɫɬɢɧɤɚɫɵ, ɤԛɤɿɪɬ S ԝɧɬɚԑɵ, ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɥɿ ɤԛɤɿɪɬ
ԕɵɲԕɵɥɵɧɵԙ H
2
SO
4
ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɫɿ.
ɌΩɠɿɪɢɛɟɧɿΝ ɨɪɵɧɞɚɥɭɵ.
Ⱥ – ɧԝɫԕɚ.
Ԕԝɪԑɚԕ ɛɟɫ ɫɵɧɚɭɵԕ ɞɚɣɵɧɞɚԙɵɡ, ɨɥɚɪɞɵԙ ԥɪ
ԕɚɣɫɵɫɵɧɚ 1
-
2 ɦɥ
-
ɞɟɧ ɫԝɣɵɬɵɥԑɚɧ ɚɡɨɬ ԕɵɲԕɵɥɵɧɵԙ ɇNO
3
ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɫɿɧ ԕԝɣɵԙɵɡ. ɋɨɞɚɧ ɤɟɣɿɧ ԥɪ ɫɵɧɚɭɵԕԕɚ ɠɟɤɟ ɦɵɪɵɲ
(Zn
), ԕɨɪԑɚɫɵɧ (Pb) ɬԛɣɿɪɲɿɤɬɟɪɿ, ɦɵɫ (Cu) ɫɵɦɵɧ, ԕɚɥɚɣɵ
ԕɚԕɬɚɦɚɫɵɧ (ɮɨɥɶɝɚ) (Sn) ɠԥɧɟ ɤԛɤɿɪɬ (S) ԝɧɬɚԑɵɧ ɫɚɥɵԙɵɡ. ɋɭ
ɦɨɧɲɚɫɵɧɞɚ ɚɛɚɣɥɚɩ, ɫɵɧɚɭɵԕɬɵԙ ɿɲɿɧɞɟɝɿɥɟɪɞɿ ԕɵɡɞɵɪɵԙɵɡ
(ɫɵɧɚɭɵԕɬɵԙ ɚɭɵɡɵɧ ԧɡɿԙɿɡɝɟ ɛɚԑɵɬɬɚɦɚԙɵɡ!).
Ɍɟɤ ɦɟɬɚɥɞɚɪɞɵԙ ɫԝɣɵɬɵɥԑɚɧ ԕɵɲԕɵɥɞɚ ɇNO
3
ɟɪɢɬɿɧɿɧ
ɤԧɪɿԙɿɡ. Ȼɚɪɥɵԕ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɥɚɪ ɚɭɞɚԑɵ ɨɬɬɟɝɿɦɟɧ ɨԙɚɣ ɬɨɬɵԑɚɬɵɧ,
ɬԝɪɚԕɬɵ ɚɡɨɬ ɞɢɨɤɫɢɞɿɧ NO
2
ɬԛɡɿɩ, ɬԛɪɥɿ ɬɨɬɵԑɭ ɞԥɪɟɠɟɫɿɧɞɟ ɝɚɡ
ɬԥɪɿɡɞɿ ɚɡɨɬ ɨɤɫɢɞɬɟɪɿɧɿԙ ɛԧɥɿɧɭɿɦɟɧ ɠԛɪɟɞɿ. Ɇԝɧɵ ԕɨԙɵɪ ɬԛɫɬɿ
ɝɚɡɞɵԙ ɬԛɡɿɥɭɿ ɚɣԑɚԕɬɚɣɞɵ.
Ȼ – ɧԝɫԕɚ.
Ԕԝɪԑɚԕ ɛɟɫ ɫɵɧɚɭɵԕ ɞɚɣɵɧɞɚԙɵɡ, ɨɥɚɪɞɵԙ ԥɪ
ԕɚɣɫɵɫɵɧɚ 1
-
2 ɦɥ – ɞɟɧ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɥɿ ɚɡɨɬ ԕɵɲԕɵɥɵɧɵԙ ɇNO
3
ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɫɿɧ ԕԝɣɵԙɵɡ. ɋɨɞɚɧ ɤɟɣɿɧ ԥɪ ɫɵɧɚɭɵԕԕɚ ɠɟɤɟ ɦɵɪɵɲ
(Zn
), ԕɨɪԑɚɫɵɧ (Pb) ɬԛɣɿɪɲɿɤɬɟɪɿ, ɦɵɫ (Cu) ɫɵɦɵɧ, ԕɚɥɚɣɵ
ԕɚԕɬɚɦɚɫɵɧ (ɮɨɥɶɝɚ) (Sn) ɠԥɧɟ ɤԛɤɿɪɬ(S) ԝɧɬɚԑɵɧ ɫɚɥɵԙɵɡ. ɋɭ
ɦɨɧɲɚɫɵɧɞɚ ɚɛɚɣɥɚɩ, ɫɵɧɚɭɵԕɬɵԙ ɿɲɿɧɞɟɝɿɥɟɪɞɿ ԕɵɡɞɵɪɵԙɵɡ
(ɫɵɧɚɭɵԕɬɵԙ ɚɭɵɡɵɧ ԧɡɿԙɿɡɝɟ ɛɚԑɵɬɬɚɦɚԙɵɡ!).
Ɍɟɤ ԕɨɪԑɚɫɵɧ ɠԥɧɟ ɛɟɣɦɟɬɚɥɥ ɤԛɤɿɪɬɬɟɧ ɛɚɫԕɚ, ɚɥɵɧԑɚɧ
ɦɟɬɚɥɞɚɪɞɵԙ ɟɪɿɝɿɲɬɿɝɿɧ, ɫɨɧɵɦɟɧ ɛɿɪɝɟ ԕɨԙɵɪ ɬԛɫɬɿ ɚɡɨɬ
ɞɢɨɤɫɢɞɿɧɿԙ NO
2
ɛԧɥɿɧɝɟɧɿɧ ɤԧɪɿԙɿɡ. Ʉԛɤɿɪɬ ԕɵɲԕɵɥɵɧɵԙ
ɬԛɡɿɥɭɿ ɫɚɥɞɚɪɵɧɚɧ ɦɵɪɵɲ ɠԥɧɟ ɦɵɫ, ɤԛɤɿɪɬ ɧɢɬɪɚɬɬɚɪɵɧɵԙ
ɦԧɥɞɿɪ ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɫɿɧɿԙ ɬԛɡɿɥɭɿ ɦɟɬɚɥɞɚɪɞɵԙ ɟɪɿɝɿɲɬɿɝɿɧ ɚɣԑɚԕɬɚɣɞɵ,
ɚɥ ɚɡ ɟɪɢɬɿɧ ԕɚɥɚɣɵ ɨɤɫɨԕɵɲԕɵɥɵɧɵԙ H
2
SnO
3
ɬԛɡɿɥɭɿ
ɫɚɥɞɚɪɵɧɚɧ, ԕɚɥɚɣɵɫɵ ɛɚɪ ɫɵɧɚɭɵԕ ɥɚɣɥɚɧɚɞɵ
.
*
ɄΟɤɿɪɬɬɿΝ ɫɭɥɶɮɚɬ ɢɨɧɞɚɪɵɧɚ SO
4
2
ɞɟɣɿɧ ɬɨɬɵΕɭɵɧɚɧ
ɫɚɥΙɵɧɞɚɬɵɥΕɚɧ ɛɚɪɢɣ ɬΡɡɵɧɵΝ ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɫɿɧɟ ɫɭɥɶɮɚɬ ɢɨɧ
-
ɞɚɪɵɧ ɟɧɝɿɡɝɟɧɞɟ SO
4
2
ɢɨɧɵ ɚɡ ɟɪɢɬɿɧ ɛɚɪɢɣ ɫɭɥɶɮɚɬɵɧɵΝ ɚΙ
ɬΡɧɛɚɫɵɧ ɬΟɡɟɬɿɧɿɧɟ ɤΫɡ ɠɟɬɤɿɡɿΝɿɡ
:
ȼɚ
2+
+ SO
4
2
o
ȼɚ
SO
4
p