Упрощенная HTML-версия
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ȼ – ɧԝɫԕɚ
.
Ԕԝɪԑɚԕ ɛɟɫ ɫɵɧɚɭɵԕ ɞɚɣɵɧɞɚԙɵɡ, ɨɥɚɪɞɵԙ
ԥɪԕɚɣɫɵɫɵɧɚ 1
-
2 ɦɥ
-
ɞɟɧ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɥɟɧɝɟɧ ɤԛɤɿɪɬ ԕɵɲԕɵɥɵɧɵԙ
H
2
SO
4
ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɫɿɧ ԕԝɣɵԙɵɡ. ɋɨɧɚɧ ɫɨԙ ԥɪ ɫɵɧɚɭɵԕԕɚ ɦɵɪɵɲ
(Zn
) ɬԛɣɿɪɲɿɝɿɧ, ԕɨɪԑɚɫɵɧ (Pb) ɬԛɣɿɪɲɿɝɿɧ, ɦɵɫ ɫɵɦɵɧ (Cu),
ԕɚɥɚɣɵ ɮɨɥɶɝɚɫɵɧ (Sn) ɠԥɧɟ ɤԛɤɿɪɬ (S) ԝɧɬɚԑɵɧ ɫɚɥɵԙɵɡ. ɋɭ
ɦɨɧɲɚɫɵɧɞɚ ɫɵɧɚɭɵԕɬɵԙ ɿɲɿɧɞɟɝɿ ԕɨɫɩɚɥɚɪɞɵ ɚɛɚɣɥɚɩ
ԕɵɡɞɵɪɵԙɵɡ (ɫɵɧɚɭɵԕɬɵԙ ɚɭɵɡɵɧ ԧɡɿԙɿɡɞɟɧ ɚɥɲɚԕ ԝɫɬɚԙɵɡ!).
Ȼɚɪɥɵԕ ɫɵɧɚɭɵԕɬɚԑɵ ɚɥɵɧԑɚɧ ɦɟɬɚɥɞɚɪɞɵԙ ɟɪɿɝɿɲɬɿɝɿɧ
ɛɚɣԕɚԙɵɡ ɠԥɧɟ ɟɪɢɬɿɧ ɫɭɥɶɮɚɬɬɚɪɞɵԙ ɠԥɧɟ ɚɡ ɟɪɢɬɿɧ ɚԕ ɬԛɫɬɿ
ԕɨɪԑɚɫɵɧ ɫɭɥɶɮɚɬɵɧɵԙ (ȱȱ) ɬԝɧɛɚɫɵɧɵԙ ɬԛɡɿɥɝɟɧɿɧ ɛɚɣԕɚԙɵɡ.
ɋɨɧɵɦɟɧ ɛɿɪɝɟ, ɛɚɪɥɵԕ ɫɵɧɚɭɵԕɬɚɪɞɚɧ ԧɬɤɿɪ ɚɳɵ ɢɿɫɬɿ ɤԛɤɿɪɬ
ɞɢɨɤɫɢɞɿɧɿԙ SO
2
ɛԧɥɿɧɝɟɧɿɧ, ɚɥ ɦɵɪɵɲɵ Zn ɛɚɪ ɫɵɧɚɭɵԕɬɚ ɛɨɫ
ɤԛɤɿɪɬɬɿԙ ɛԧɥɿɧɭɿɧɟɧ S ɚԕ ɬԛɫɬɿ ɥɚɣɥɚɧɭɞɵԙ ɬԛɡɿɥɝɟɧɿɧ, ɫɨɧɵɦɟɧ
ɛɿɪɝɟ, ɤԛɤɿɪɬ ɫɭɬɟɝɿɧɿԙ H
2
S ɬԛɡɿɥɭɿ ɫɚɥɞɚɪɵɧɚɧ ɛɨɥɦɚɲɵ ԑɚɧɚ
ɫɚɫɵԑɚɧ ɠԝɦɵɪɬԕɚɧɵԙ ɢɿɫɿɧ ɛɚɣԕɚԙɵɡ
.
5-
ɬΩɠɿɪɢɛɟ.
Ɍԝɡ ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɥɟɪɿɧɟ ɦɟɬɚɥɞɚɪ ɠԥɧɟ
ɛɟɣɦɟɬɚɥɞɚɪɞɵԙ ԕɚɬɵɧɚɫɵ
Ɍɚɩɫɵɪɦɚɥɚɪ
:
1)
Ɍԧɦɟɧɞɟɝɿ ɯɢɦɢɹɥɵԕ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɥɚɪɞɵ ɠԛɪɝɿɡɿԙɿɡ
:
ɚ
) Fe + CuSO
4
o
… ɛ
) Zn + FeSO
4
o
…
ɜ)
Sn + FeSO
4
o
… ɝ)
Br
2
+ KI
o
…
ɞ
) Br
2
+ KCl
o
… ɟ
) S + K
2
Cr
2
O
7
o
…
2)
Ȼɚɣԕɚɥԑɚɧ ɌɌɊ ɫɵɪɬԕɵ ɛɟɥɝɿɥɟɪɿɧ ɤԧɪɫɟɬɿԙɿɡ ɠԥɧɟ
ɨɥɚɪɞɵ ɠɚɪɬɵɥɚɣ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹ ԥɞɿɫɿɦɟɧ ɬɟԙɟɫɬɿɪɿԙɿɡ.
3)
Ⱥɥɵɧԑɚɧ
ɦԥɥɿɦɟɬɬɟɪɞɿ
ɬԛɫɿɧɞɿɪɿԙɿɡ
ɠԥɧɟ
ɬԝɡ
ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɥɟɪɿɧɟ ɦɟɬɚɥɞɚɪ ɠԥɧɟ ɛɟɣɦɟɬɚɥɞɚɪɞɵԙ ԕɚɬɵɫɵ ɬɭɪɚɥɵ,
ɫɨɧɵɦɟɧ ɛɿɪɝɟ ɬɟɦɿɪɞɿԙ, ɦɵɪɵɲɬɵԙ, ԕɚɥɚɣɵɧɵԙ, ɛɪɨɦɧɵԙ ɠԥɧɟ
ɤԛɤɿɪɬɬɿԙ ɬɨɬɵԕɬɵɪԑɵɲ
-
ɬɨɬɵԕɫɵɡɞɚɧɞɵɪԑɵɲ ɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿɥɿɤɬɟɪɿ
ɬɭɪɚɥɵ ԕɨɪɵɬɵɧɞɵ ɠɚɫɚԙɵɡ.
4)
ɋɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɬɵ ɪɟɞɨɤɫ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɞɚɪɵɧɵԙ
(
ȿ
0
)
ɦԥɧɿɧ ɟɫɤɟɪɟ
ɨɬɵɪɵɩ, ɠɚɫɚɥԑɚɧ ԕɨɪɵɬɵɧɞɵɧɵԙ ɞԝɪɵɫɬɵԑɵɧ ɬɟɤɫɟɪɿԙɿɡ.
ɚ) Eº Zn
2+
/Zn =
–
0,76 B
ɟ) Eº
Br
2
/2Br = + 1,08 B
ɛ) Eº
Fe
2+
/Fe =
–
0,44 B
ɠ
)
Eº
I
2
/2I = + 0,54 B
ɜ) Eº
Sn
2+
/Sn =
–
0,14 B
ɡ
) E
0
CI
2
/2CI = + 1,36 B