Упрощенная HTML-версия
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ΘΡɪɚɥɞɚɪ ɠΩɧɟ ɪɟɚɤɬɢɜɬɟɪ.
ɗɥɟɤɬɪԧɬɤɿɡɝɿɲɬɿɤɬɿ ɡɟɪɬɬɟɭɝɟ
ɚɪɧɚɥԑɚɧ ԕԝɪɚɥ, ɫɵɣɵɦɞɵɥɵԑɵ 100 ɦɥ
-
ɥɿɤ ɬԧɪɬ ɫɬɚɤɚɧ, 0,1 Ɇ
-
ɞɿɤ
ɫɿɪɤɟ ԕɵɲԕɵɥɵɧɵԙ CH
3
COOH, ɚɦɦɨɧɢɣ ɝɢɞɪɨɤɫɢɞɿɧɿԙ NH
4
OH,
ɛɚɪɢɣ ɯɥɨɪɢɞɿɧɿԙ BaCl
2
, ɧɚɬɪɢɣ ɤɚɪɛɨɧɚɬɵɧɵԙ Na
2
CO
3
ɟɪɿɬɿɧ
-
ɞɿɥɟɪɿ.
ɌΩɠɿɪɢɛɟɧɿΝ ɨɪɵɧɞɚɥɭɵ.
ɋɬɚɤɚɧ ɚɥɵɩ, ɨԑɚɧ ɲɚɦɚɦɟɧ 25 ɦɥ
CH
3
COOH ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɫɿɧ ԕԝɣɵԙɵɡ. Ɉɫɵ ɫɬɚɤɚɧɞɚԑɵ ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɝɟ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɞɬɚɪɞɵ ɫɚɥɵɩ, ԕԝɪɚɥɞɵ ɷɥɟɤɬɪ ɠɟɥɿɫɿɧɟ ɠɚɥԑɚԙɵɡ. ɋɨɞɚɧ
ɤɟɣɿɧ ɨɧɵ ɠɚɣɥɚɩ ɚɪɚɥɚɫɬɵɪɚ ɨɬɵɪɵɩ, 25 ɦɥ NH
4
OH ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɫɿɧ
ԕɨɫɵԙɵɡ. ɒɚɦɧɵԙ ɠɚɧɭɵɧ ɛɚԕɵɥɚԙɵɡ. Ɉɫɵԑɚɧ ԝԕɫɚɫ ɬԥɠɿɪɢɛɟɧɿ
BaCl
2
ɦɟɧ Na
2
CO
3
ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɥɟɪɿ ɚɪɚɫɵɧɞɚ ɠԛɝɿɡɿɩ, ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɥɟɪɞɿ
ɚɪɚɥɚɫɬɵɪԑɚɧԑɚ ɞɟɣɿɧɝɿ ɠԥɧɟ ɤɟɣɿɧɝɿ ɲɚɦɧɵԙ ɠɚɪԕɵɥɵɧ
ɫɚɥɵɫɬɵɪɵԙɵɡ.
3-
ɬΩɠɿɪɢɛɟ.
ɂɨɧɞɵ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɥɚɪ (ɂɊ)
Ɍɚɩɫɵɪɦɚɥɚɪ:
1) Ɍԧɦɟɧɞɟɝɿ ɯɢɦɢɹɥɵԕ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɥɚɪɞɵ ɠԛɪɝɿɡɿԙɿɡ
:
ɚ) ɬԝɧɛɚ ɬԛɡɿɥɟ ɠԛɪɟɬɿɧ (ɚɡ ɟɪɢɬɿɧ ԕɨɫɵɥɵɫ):
4FeCl
3
+ 3K
4
[Fe(CN)
6
] ĺ Fe
4
[Fe(CN)
6
]
3
Ļ + 12KCl
(CH
3
COO)
2
Pb + 2KCl ĺ PbCl
2
Ļ + 2CH
3
COOK
ɛ) ԥɥɫɿɡ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɥɢɬ ɬԛɡɿɥɟ ɠԛɪɟɬɿɧ
(ɚɡ ɞɢɫɫɨɰɢɚɰɢɹɥɚɧɚɬɵɧ ԕɨɫɵɥɵɫ
)
2CH
3
COONa + H
2
SO
4
ĺ Na
2
SO
4
+ 2CH
3
COOH
ɜ) ɝɚɡ ɬԛɡɿɥɟɬɿɧ (ԝɲԕɵɲ ԕɨɫɵɥɵɫ)
NaHCO
3
+ HCl ĺ NaCl + CO
2
Ĺ + H
2
O
ɝ) ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɬɿ ԕɨɫɵɥɵɫ ɬԛɡɟɬɿɧ
CrCl
3
+ 6NaOH ĺ Na
3
[Cr(OH)
6
] + 3NaCl
ɞ) ɬԝɧɛɚ, ɝɚɡ ɠԥɧɟ ԥɥɫɿɡ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɥɢɬ ɬԛɡɿɥɭɿɦɟɧ ɠԛɪɟɬɿɧ
Na
2
S
2
O
3
+ H
2
SO
4
ĺ Na
2
SO
4
+SĻ + SO
2
Ĺ + H
2
O
ɟ) ɛɿɪ ɚɡ ɟɪɢɬɿɧ ԕɨɫɵɥɵɫɬɵԙ ɛɚɫԕɚԑɚ ɚɣɧɚɥɭɵɦɟɧ ɠԛɪɟɬɿɧ
PbCl
2
Ļ +K
2
CrO
4
ĺ PbCrO
4
Ļ +2KCl