Упрощенная HTML-версия
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2)
Ɋɟɚɤɰɢɹɞɚɧ ɛɚɣԕɚɥɚɬɵɧ ɫɵɪɬԕɵ ɛɟɥɝɿɥɟɪɞɿ ɤԧɪɫɟɬɿɩ,
ɨɥɚɪɞɵԙ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɚɥɵԕ, ɬɨɥɵԕ ɠԥɧɟ ԕɵɫԕɚɪɬɵɥԑɚɧ ɢɨɧɞɵ
-
ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɚ ɬԛɪɿɧɞɟɝɿ ɬɟԙɞɟɭɥɟɪɿɧ ɠɚɡɵԙɵɡ.
3) Ⱥɥɵɧԑɚɧ ɦԥɥɿɦɟɬɬɟɪɞɿ ɬԛɫɿɧɞɿɪɿɩ, ԕɨɪɵɬɵɧɞɵ ɠɚɫɚԙɵɡ;
«ɟ» ɠɚԑɞɚɣɵɧɞɚ ɚɡ ɟɪɢɬɿɧ ԕɨɫɵɥɵɫɬɵԙ ɬɟɩɟ
-
ɬɟԙɞɿɤ ɤɨɧɫɬɚɧɬɚ
ɦԥɧɿɧ ɟɫɤɟɪɿԙɿɡ:
ȿɄ (PbCl
2
) ő 2,0 · 10
-5
; ȿɄ (PbCrO
4
) ő 1,8 · 10
-14
ΘΡɪɚɥɞɚɪ ɠΩɧɟ ɪɟɚɤɬɢɜɬɟɪ.
ɋɵɧɚɭɵԕɬɚɪ, ɬɟɦɿɪ (ȱȱȱ)
ɯɥɨɪɢɞɿ FeCl
3,
ɤɚɥɢɣ (ȱȱ) ɝɟɤɫɚɰɢɚɧɨɮɟɪɪɚɬɵ K
4
[Fe(CN)
6
], ɧɚɬɪɢɣ
ɚɰɟɬɚɬɵ CH
3
COONa, ɤԛɤɿɪɬ ԕɵɲԕɵɥɵ H
2
SO
4,
ɧɚɬɪɢɣ ɝɢɞɪɨ
-
ɤɚɪɛɨɧɚɬɵ NaHCO
3
, ɬԝɡ ԕɵɲԕɵɥɵ HCl, ɧɚɬɪɢɣ ɬɢɨɫɭɥɶɮɚɬɵ
Na
2
S
2
O
3
, ɤɚɥɢɣ ɯɪɨɦɚɬɵ K
2
CrO
4
ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɥɟɪɿ.
ɌΩɠɿɪɢɛɟɧɿΝ ɨɪɵɧɞɚɥɭɵ
ɚ)
ɬΡɧɛɚ ɬΟɡɿɥɭɿ (ɚɡ ɟɪɢɬɿɧ Ιɨɫɵɥɵɫ)
ɒɚɦɚɦɟɧ ɛɿɪɞɟɣ ɤԧɥɟɦɞɟ (2 ɦɥ
-
ɞɟɧ) ɤɚɥɢɣ (ȱȱ) ɝɟɤɫɚ
-
ɰɢɚɧɨɮɟɪɪɚɬɵ K
4
[Fe(CN)
6
] ɦɟɧ ɬɟɦɿɪ (ȱȱȱ) ɯɥɨɪɢɞɿ FeCl
3
ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɥɟɪɿɧ ɚɪɚɥɚɫɬɵɪɵԙɵɡ. Ɋɟɚɝɟɧɬɬɟɪɞɿԙ ɛɚɫɬɚɩԕɵ ɬԛɫɿɧɿԙ
ԧɡɝɟɪɭɿ ɦɟɧ ԕɚɪɚ – ɤԧɤ «ɛɟɪɥɢɧ ɤԧɝɿ» (ɬɟɦɿɪ ȱȱȱ ɝɟɤɫɚɰɢɚɧɨɮɟɪɪɚɬ
ȱȱ) Fe
3
[Fe(CN)
6
]
4
ɬԝɧɛɚɫɵɧɵԙ ɬԛɡɿɥɭɿɧ ɛɚɣԕɚԙɵɡ.
ɛ)
Ωɥɫɿɡ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɥɢɬ ɬΟɡɿɥɭɿ (ɚɡ ɞɢɫɫɨɰɢɚɰɢɹɥɚɧɚɬɵɧ
Ιɨɫɵɥɵɫ)
Ȼɿɪɞɟɣ ɤԧɥɟɦɞɟ ɲɚɦɚɦɟɧ 2 ɦɥ
-
ɞɟɧ ɧɚɬɪɢɣ ɚɰɟɬɚɬɵ
CH
3
COONa
ɦɟɧ ɤԛɤɿɪɬ ԕɵɲԕɵɥɵ H
2
SO
4
ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɥɟɪɿɧ ԕɨɫɵԙɵɡ.
ɋɿɪɤɟ ԕɵɲԕɵɥɵɧɵԙ ɬԛɡɿɥɝɟɧɿɧ ɢɿɫɿɧɟ ԕɚɪɚɩ ɛɚɣԕɚԙɵɡ.
ɜ)
ɝɚɡ ɬΟɡɿɥɭɿ (ΡɲΙɵɲ Ιɨɫɵɥɵɫ)
Ȼɿɪɞɟɣ ɤԧɥɟɦɞɟ ɲɚɦɚɦɟɧ 2 ɦɥ
-
ɞɟɧ ɧɚɬɪɢɣ ɝɢɞɪɨɤɚɪɛɨɧɚɬɵ
NaHCO
3
ɦɟɧ ɬԝɡ ԕɵɲԕɵɥɵɧ HCl ɚɪɚɥɚɫɬɵɪɵԙɵɡ. Ʉԧɦɿɪ
ԕɵɲԕɵɥ ɋɈ
2
ɝɚɡ ɤԧɩɿɪɲɿɤɬɟɪɿɧɿԙ ɛԧɥɿɧɭɿɧ ɛɚɣԕɚԙɵɡ.
ɝ)
ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɬɿ Ιɨɫɵɥɵɫ ɬΟɡɿɥɭɿ
Ȼɿɪɞɟɣ ɤԧɥɟɦɞɟ ɲɚɦɚɦɟɧ 2 ɦɥ
-
ɞɟɧ ɯɪɨɦ (ȱȱȱ) ɯɥɨɪɢɞɿ CrCl
3
ɦɟɧ ɧɚɬɪɢɣ ɝɢɞɪɨɤɫɢɞɿɧ NaOH ɛɚɫɬɚɩԕɵɞɚ ɬԛɡɿɥɝɟɧ ɤԧɤ
-
ɠɚɫɵɥ
Cr(OH)
3
ɬԝɧɛɚ ɬɨɥɵԕ ɟɪɿɝɟɧɲɟ ɚɪɚɥɚɫɬɵɪɵԙɵɡ ɠԥɧɟ ɚɲɵԕ ɬԛɫɬɿ
ɧɚɬɪɢɣ (ȱȱȱ) ɝɟɤɫɚɝɢɞɪɨɤɫɨɯɪɨɦɚɬ Na
3
[Cr(OH)
6
]
ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɬɿ ԕɨɫɵ
-
ɥɵɫɵ ɬԛɡɿɥɝɟɧɲɟ
.