Стр. 306 - ДЛЯ ППС

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306
2-
ɬΩɠɿɪɢɛɟ.
Ɉɪɬɚ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚɫɵɧɵԙ ԧɡɝɟɪɭ ɤɟɡɿɧɞɟɝɿ
ɯɢɦɢɹɥɵԕ ɬɟɩɟ
-
ɬɟԙɞɿɤɬɿԙ ɵԑɵɫɭɵ
Ɍɚɩɫɵɪɦɚɥɚɪ:
1) ɏɢɦɢɹɥɵԕ ɬɟɩɟ
-
ɬɟԙɞɿɤ ɵԑɵɫɭɵɧɚ ɨɪɬɚ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚɫɵɧɵԙ
ԥɫɟɪɿɧ Ʌɟ ɒɚɬɟɥɶɟ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɿɧɟ ɫԥɣɤɟɫ ɦɵɧɚɞɚɣ ɬɟɩɟ
-
ɬɟԙɞɿɤ
ɠԛɣɟɞɟ ɞԥɥɟɥɞɟԙɿɡ.
Fɟɋl
3
(ɟɪ) + 3ɄSɋN (ɟɪ)
l
Fɟ(SɋN)
3
(ɟɪ) + 3Ʉɋl (ɟɪ);
'
ɇ < 0
2) ɀɨԑɚɪɵɞɚ ɤԧɪɫɟɬɿɥɝɟɧ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɧɵԙ 20ÛC ɠԥɧɟ 80ÛC
ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚɞɚ ɠԛɪɝɿɡɿԙɿɡ.
3) Ɋɟɚɤɰɢɹɞɚɧ ɛɚɣԕɚɥɚɬɵɧ ɫɵɪɬԕɵ ɛɟɥɝɿɥɟɪɞɿ ɤԧɪɫɟɬɿԙɿɡ
ɠԥɧɟ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚɧɵ ɠɨԑɚɪɵɥɚɬԕɚɧɞɚ ɯɢɦɢɹɥɵԕ ɬɟɩɟ
-
ɬɟԙɞɿɤ
ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɧɵԙ ɬɭɪɚ ɧɟɦɟɫɟ ɤɟɪɿ ɛɚԑɵɬɵɧɚ ɵԑɵɫɚɬɵɧɵɧ ɚɧɵԕɬɚԙɵɡ.
4) Ⱥɥɵɧԑɚɧ ɦԥɥɿɦɟɬɬɟɪɞɿ ɬԛɫɿɧɞɿɪɿɩ, ԕɨɪɵɬɵɧɞɵ ɠɚɫɚԙɵɡ.
ΘΡɪɚɥɞɚɪ ɠΩɧɟ ɪɟɚɤɬɢɜɬɟɪ.
ɋɵɧɚɭɵԕɬɚɪ, ɷɥɟɤɬɪ ɩɥɢɬɚɫɵ,
200-
300 ɦɥ
-
ɥɿɤ ɵɫɬɵԕԕɚ ɬԧɡɿɦɞɿ ɫɬɚɤɚɧ, ɬɟɪɦɨɦɟɬɪ, ɤɚɥɢɣ
ɪɨɞɚɧɢɞɿɧɿԙ KSCN ɦɟɧ ɬɟɦɿɪ (III) ɯɥɨɪɢɞɿɧɿԙ FeCl
Ύ
ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɥɟɪɿ.
ɌΩɠɿɪɢɛɟɧɿΝ ɨɪɵɧɞɚɥɭɵ
.
Ȼɿɪɞɟɣ ɤԧɥɟɦɞɟ ɬԝɡ ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɥɟɪɿɧ
KSCN ɦɟɧ FeCl
Ύ
-
ɬɿ ɚɪɚɥɚɫɬɵɪɵԙɵɡ. Ⱥɥɵɧԑɚɧ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɥɵԕ
ԕɨɫɩɚɧɵ ɟɤɿ ɫɵɧɚɭɵԕԕɚ ɛԧɥɿԙɿɡ. Ȼɿɪ ɫɵɧɚɭɵԕɬɵ ɲɬɚɬɢɜɤɟ
ɫɚɥɵɫɬɵɪɭ ԛɲɿɧ ԕɨɣɵɩ ԕɨɣɵԙɵɡ, ɚɥ ɛɚɫԕɚɫɵɧ ɚɥɞɵɧ
-
ɚɥɚ ɷɥɟɤɬɪ
ɩɥɢɬɚɫɵɧɞɚ 80
0
ɋ
-
ɝɟ ɞɟɣɿɧ ԕɵɡɞɵɪɵɥԑɚɧ ɫɬɚɤɚɧɞɚԑɵ ɫɭԑɚ
ɫɚɥɵԙɵɡ.
Ȼɿɪɧɟɲɟ ɭɚԕɵɬɬɚɧ ɤɟɣɿɧ ɛɚԕɵɥɚɭԑɚ ɚɥɵɧԑɚɧ ɫɵɧɚɭɵԕɩɟɧ
ɫɚɥɵɫɬɵɪԑɚɧɞɚ Fe(SCN)
Ύ
ɬԛɫɿɧɿԙ ɬɟɡ ԧɡɝɟɪɝɟɧɿɧ ɛɚɣԕɚԙɵɡ,
ɨɪɬɚɧɵԙ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚɫɵɧ ɠɨԑɚɪɵɥɚɬԕɚɧɞɚ ɯɢɦɢɹɥɵԕ ɬɟɩɟ
-
ɬɟԙɞɿɤ
ɵԑɵɫɭ ɛɚԑɵɬɵɧ ɚɧɵԕɬɚԙɵɡ.
3-
ɬΩɠɿɪɢɛɟ
. Ɉɪɬɚɧɵԙ ԧɡɝɟɪɭ ɤɟɡɿɧɞɟɝɿ ɯɢɦɢɹɥɵԕ
ɬɟɩɟ
-
ɬɟԙɞɿɤɬɿԙ ɵԑɵɫɭɵ
Ɍɚɩɫɵɪɦɚɥɚɪ:
1) Ɇɵɧɚɞɚɣ ɬɟɩɟ
-
ɬɟԙɞɿɤ ɠԛɣɟɫɿ ԛɲɿɧ ɯɢɦɢɹɥɵԕ ɬɟɩɟ
-
ɬɟԙɞɿɤ
ɤɨɧɫɬɚɧɬɚɫɵɧɵԙ ɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɤɚɥɵԕ ԧɪɧɟɝɿɧ ɠɚɡɵԙɵɡ:
2CrO
4
2
Ǧ + 2H
+
l
Cr
2
O
7
2
Ǧ + H
2
O
(ɫɚɪɵ)
(ԕɵɡɵɥ
-
ɫɚɪɵ)