Упрощенная HTML-версия
307
2) Ɉɫɵ ɬɟɩɟ
-
ɬɟԙɞɿɤ ɠԛɣɟɞɟɝɿ ɯɢɦɢɹɥɵԕ ɬɟɩɟ
-
ɬɟԙɞɿɤɬɿԙ
ɵԑɵɫɭɵɧɚ ɫɭɬɟɝɿ ɢɨɧɵ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹɫɵɧɵԙ (ɪɟɚɝɟɧɬɬɟɪɞɿԙ)
ԥɫɟɪɿɧ Ʌɟ ɒɚɬɟɥɶɟ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɿɧɟ ɫԥɣɤɟɫ ɞԥɥɟɥɞɟԙɿɡ.
3) Ɇɵɧɚɞɚɣ ɯɢɦɢɹɥɵԕ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɧɵ ɠԛɪɝɿɡɿԙɿɡɞɟɪ:
2K
2
CrO
4
+ H
2
SO
4
o
K
2
Cr
2
O
7
+ H
2
O + K
2
SO
4
K
2
Cr
2
O
7
+ NaOH
o
K
2
CrO
4
+ H
2
O + Na
2
CrO
4
4) Ɋɟɚɤɰɢɹɞɚɧ ɛɚɣԕɚɥɚɬɵɧ ɫɵɪɬԕɵ ɛɟɥɝɿɥɟɪɞɿ ɤԧɪɫɟɬɿԙɿɡ
ɠԥɧɟ ɟɤɿɧɲɿ ɬɚɩɫɵɪɦɚɧɵ ɟɫɤɟɪɟ ɨɬɵɪɵɩ ɠɚɫɚɥԑɚɧ ԕɨɪɵɬɵɧ
-
ɞɵɧɵԙ ɞԝɪɵɫɬɵԑɵɧ ɬɟɤɫɟɪɿԙɿɡ.
ΘΡɪɚɥɞɚɪ ɠΩɧɟ ɪɟɚɤɬɢɜɬɟɪ.
ɋɵɧɚɭɵԕɬɚɪ, ɤɚɥɢɣ ɯɪɨɦɚ
-
ɬɵɧɵԙ K
CrO
Ώ
, ɤɚɥɢɣ ɞɢɯɪɨɦɚɬɵɧɵԙ K
Cr
O
Β
, ɤԛɤɿɪɬ ԕɵɲԕɵ
-
ɥɵɧɵԙ H
SO
Ώ
ɠԥɧɟ ɧɚɬɪɢɣ ɝɢɞɪɨɤɫɢɞɿɧɿԙ NaOH ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɥɟɪɿ.
ɌΩɠɿɪɛɢɟɧɿΝ ɨɪɵɧɞɚɥɭɵ.
ɋɵɧɚɭɵԕ ɚɥɵɩ, ɨԑɚɧ ɲɚɦɚɦɟɧ
ɛɿɪɞɟɣ ɤԧɥɟɦɞɟ (2 ɦɥ
-
ɞɟɧ) ɤɚɥɢɣ ɯɪɨɦɚɬɵ K
CrO
Ώ
ɠԥɧɟ ɤԛɤɿɪɬ
ԕɵɲԕɵɥɵ H
SO
Ώ
ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɥɟɪɿɧ ɚɪɚɥɚɫɬɵɪɵԙɵɡ. Ɍɚɡɚ ɫɚɪɵ ɬԛɫɬɟɧ
ԕɵɡԑɵɥɬ ɫɚɪɵ ɬԛɫɤɟ ɚɣɧɚɥԑɚɧɵɧ ɛɚԕɵɥɚԙɵɡ. ɋɨɞɚɧ ɤɟɣɿɧ ɨɫɵ
ɫɵɧɚɭɵԕԕɚ ԕɚɣɬɚɞɚɧ ɫɚɪɵ ɬԛɫɤɟ ɚɣɧɚɥԑɚɧɲɚ ɧɚɬɪɢɣ ɝɢɞɪɨɤɫɢɞɿ
NaOH ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɫɿɧ ԕɨɫɵԙɵɡ.
4
-
ɬΩɠɿɪɢɛɟ
. Ԕɵɫɵɦ ԧɡɝɟɪɭɿ ɤɟɡɿɧɞɟɝɿ ɯɢɦɢɹɥɵԕ
ɬɟɩɟ
-
ɬɟԙɞɿɤɬɿԙ ɵԑɵɫɭɵ
Ɍɚɩɫɵɪɦɚɥɚɪ:
1) Ʉɟɥɟɫɿ ɬɟɩɟ
-
ɬɟԙɞɿɤ ɠԛɣɟɫɿ ԛɲɿɧ ɯɢɦɢɹɥɵԕ ɬɟɩɟ
-
ɬɟԙɞɿɤ
ɤɨɧɫɬɚɧɬɚɫɵɧɵԙ ɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɤɚɥɵԕ ԧɪɧɟɝɿɧ ɠɚɡɵԙɵɡ:
ɚ) N
2
(ɝɚɡ) + Ɉ
2
(ɝɚɡ
)
l
2NɈ (ɝɚɡ
)
ɛ) 2ɋ (ɤԧɦɿɪ
)
+ Ɉ
2
(ɝɚɡ
)
l
2ɋɈ (ɝɚɡ
)
ɜ) ɋɈ
2
(ɝɚɡ) + ɋ (ɤԧɦɿɪ
)
l
2ɋɈ (ɝɚɡ
)
ɝ) ɋ (ɤԧɦɿɪ) + ɇ
2
Ɉ (ɛɭ
)
l
ɋɈ (ɝɚɡ) + ɇ
2
(ɝɚɡ
)
Ʌɟ ɒɚɬɟɥɶɟ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɿɧɟ ɫԥɣɤɟɫ ɠɨԑɚɪɵɞɚ ɤԧɪɫɟɬɿɥɝɟɧ ɬɟɩɟ
-
ɬɟԙɞɿɤ ɠԛɣɟɫɿɧɞɟ ԕɵɫɵɦɞɵ ɠɨԑɚɪɵɥɚɬԕɚɧɞɚ ɯɢɦɢɹɥɵԕ ɬɟɩɟ
-
ɬɟԙɞɿɤ ɬɭɪɚ ɧɟɦɟɫɟ ɤɟɪɿ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹ ɠɚԑɵɧɚ ɵԑɵɫɭɵɧ ɚɧɵԕɬɚԙɵɡ.