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ɗɥɟɦɟɧɬ ɚɬɨɦɞɚɪɵɧɞɚΕɵ ɬɨɬɵΕɭ ɞΩɪɟɠɟɫɿɧɿΝ Ϋɡɝɟɪɭɿ
ɚɪΙɵɥɵ ɠΟɪɟɬɿɧ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɥɚɪ – ɬɨɬɵΕɭ
-
ɬɨɬɵΙɫɵɡɞɚɧɭ
ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɥɚɪɵ (ɌɌɊ):
Mn
4+
O
2
+ 4HCl
Ǧ
Mn
2+
Cl
2
+ Cl
2
0
+ 2H
2
O
2KCl
5+
O
2
Ǧ
3
2KCl
Ǧ
+ 3O
0
2
V.
ɊɟɚɝɟɧɬɬɟɪɞɿΝ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɬɵΙ ɤΟɣɿ ɛɨɣɵɧɲɚ:
Ƚɨɦɨɝɟɧɞɿ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɥɚɪ
: 2NO
(ɝɚɡ)
+ O
2 (ɝɚɡ)
2NO
2 (ɝɚɡ)
Ƚɟɬɟɪɨɝɟɧɞɿ ɪɚɤɰɢɹɥɚɪ
: S
(ԕɚɬɬɵ)
+ O
2 (ɝɚɡ)
SO
2 (ɝɚɡ)
VI.
ɄɚɬɚɥɢɡɚɬɨɪɞɵΝ (kt) Ιɚɬɵɫɭɵ ɛɨɣɵɧɲɚ:
Ʉɚɬɚɥɢɡɞɿɤ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɥɚɪ
: 2SɈ
2
+ O
2
2SO
3
Ʉɚɬɚɥɢɡɞɿɤ ɟɦɟɫ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɥɚɪ
: 4KClɈ
3
3KClɈ
4
+ KCl
ɗɄɋɉȿɊɂɆȿɇɌɌȱɄ ȻԦɅȱɆ
1-
ɬΩɠɿɪɢɛɟ.
Ɋɟɚɝɟɧɬɬɟɪ ɦɟɧ ԧɧɿɦɞɟɪɞɿԙ ԕԝɪɚɦɵ
ɠԥɧɟ ɫɚɧɵɧɵԙ ԧɡɝɟɪɭɿɦɟɧ ɠԛɪɟɬɿɧ ɯɢɦɢɹɥɵԕ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɥɚɪ
Ɍɚɩɫɵɪɦɚɥɚɪ:
1)
Ɇɵɧɚɞɚɣ ɯɢɦɢɹɥɵԕ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɥɚɪɞɵ ɠԛɪɝɿɡɿԙɿɡ ɠԥɧɟ
ɪɟɚɝɟɧɬɬɟɪ ɦɟɧ ԧɧɿɦɞɟɪɞɿԙ ԕԝɪɚɦɵ ɠԥɧɟ ɫɚɧɵɧɵԙ ԧɡɝɟɪɭ ɛɟɥɝɿɫɿ
ɛɨɣɵɧɲɚ ɯɢɦɢɹɥɵԕ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɥɚɪɞɵԙ ɬɢɩɿɧ ɚɧɵԕɬɚԙɵɡ:
2K + 2H
2
O ĺ 2KOH + H
2
Ĺ
(CH
3
COO)
2
Pb + 2KI ĺ PbI
2
Ļ + 2CH
3
COOK
Na
2
S
2
O
3
+ H
2
SO
4
ĺ Na
2
SO
4
+ SĻ +SO
2
Ĺ +H
2
O
Zn + CuSO
4
ĺ ZnSO
4
+Cu
2)
ɀɨԑɚɪɵɞɚ ɤԧɪɫɟɬɿɥɝɟɧ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɥɚɪɞɚɧ ɛɚɣԕɚɥɚɬɵɧ
ɫɵɪɬԕɵ ɛɟɥɝɿɥɟɪɞɿ ɤԧɪɫɟɬɿԙɿɡ.
3)
Ⱥɥɵɧԑɚɧ ɦԥɥɿɦɟɬɬɟɪɞɿ ɬԛɫɿɧɞɿɪɿԙɿɡ ɠԥɧɟ ԕɨɪɵɬɵɧɞɵ
ɠɚɫɚԙɵɡ.
ΘΡɪɚɥɞɚɪ ɠΩɧɟ ɪɟɚɤɬɢɜɬɟɪ.
ɋɵɧɚɭɵԕɬɚɪ, ɫԛɡɝɿɲ ԕɚԑɚɡ,
ɩɢɧɰɟɬ, ɮɚɪɮɨɪ ɬɚɛɚԕɲɚ, ɫɿɥɬɿɥɿ ɦɟɬɚɥɥ ɤɚɥɢɣ Ʉ (ɛɚɧɤɚɞɚԑɵ
ɤɟɪɨɫɢɧ ԕɚɛɚɬɵɧɵԙ ɚɫɬɵɧɞɚ ɫɚԕɬɚɥԑɚɧ), ɞɢɫɬɢɥɞɟɧɝɟɧ ɫɭ H
2
O,
ɮɟɧɨɥɮɬɚɥɟɢɧ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɵ, ԕɨɪԑɚɫɵɧ (ȱȱ) ɚɰɟɬɚɬɵ (CH
3
COO)
2
Pb,
ɤɚɥɢɣ ɢɨɞɢɞɿ KI, ɧɚɬɪɢɣ ɬɢɨɫɭɥɶɮɚɬɵ Na
2
S
2
O
3,
ɤԛɤɿɪɬ ԕɵɲԕɵɥɵ
H
2
SO
4
ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɥɟɪɿ, ɦɵɪɵɲ Zn ɦɟɬɚɥɵɧɵԙ, ɦɵɫ ɫɭɥɶɮɚɬɵɧɵԙ
CuSO
4
ɬԛɣɿɪɲɿɤɬɟɪɿ.
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