Упрощенная HTML-версия
192
¾
«ɫɭɬɟɤɬɿ» – ɠɚɪɬɵɥɚɣ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɧɵԙ ɫɭɬɟɤ ɠɟɬɿɫɩɟɣ ɬԝɪԑɚɧ
ɠɚԑɵɧɚ, ɫɭɬɟɤ ɢɨɧɞɚɪɵɧ ԕɨɫɭ ɚɪԕɵɥɵ ɬɟԙɟɫɬɿɪɟɞɿ.
NO
2
Ǧ +
H
2
O NO
3
Ǧ
+ 2H
+
MnO
4
Ǧ
+ 8H
+
Mn
2+
+ 4H
2
O
3) ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɞɵԕ ɛɚɥɚɧɫ ɟɫɟɛɿɧɟɧ ԥɪɛɿɪ ɠɚɪɬɵɥɚɣ
ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɧɵԙ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɞɵԕ
-
ɢɨɧɞɵԕ ɬɟԙɞɟɭɥɟɪɿɧ ԕԝɪɚɫɬɵɪɚɞɵ
ɠԥɧɟ ɬɨɬɵԑɭ ɦɟɧ ɬɨɬɵԕɫɵɡɞɚɧɭ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɥɚɪɵɧ ɚɧɵԕɬɚɣɞɵ.
¾
ɬɟԙɞɟɭɥɟɪɞɿԙ ɨԙ ɠԥɧɟ ɫɨɥ ɠɚԑɵɧɞɚԑɵ ɡɚɪɹɞ
ԕɨɫɵɧɞɵɫɵɧ ɛɿɪɞɟɣ ɤԛɣɿɧɞɟ ԕɚɥɞɵɪɚ ɨɬɵɪɵɩ, ԥɪɛɿɪ ɠɚɪɬɵɥɚɣ
ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɧɵԙ ɛɟɪɝɟɧ ɠԥɧɟ ԕɨɫɵɩ ɚɥԑɚɧ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɞɚɪ ɫɚɧɵɧ
ɚɧɵԕɬɚɣɞɵ;
NO
2
Ǧ
+ H
2
O -
2Ɲ
NO
3
Ǧ
+ 2H
+
(
ɬɨɬɵԑɭ
)
-1 +1
MnO
4
Ǧ
+ 8H
+
+ 5 Ɲ
Mn
2+
+ 4H
2
O
(ɬɨɬɵԕɫɵɡɞɚɧɭ)
+7 +2
¾
ɚɥɵɧԑɚɧ ɬɟԙɞɟɭɥɟɪɞɿ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɞɵԕ ɛɚɥɚɧɫ ԛɲɿɧ ɟԙ ɤɿɲɿ
ɤԧɛɟɣɬɤɿɲɤɟ ɤԧɛɟɣɬɟɞɿ
:
NO
2
Ǧ
+ H
2
O -
2Ɲ
NO
3
Ǧ
+ 2H
+
1
ɯ
5
-1
+1 10
MnO
4
Ǧ
+ 8H
+
+ 5 Ɲ
Mn
2+
+ 4H
2
O
ɯ 2
+7 +2
4) ɌɌɊ ɬɨɥɵԕ ɢɨɧɞɵ
-
ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɚɥɵԕ ɬɟԙɞɟɭɿɧ ԕԝɪɚɫɬɵɪɚɞɵ
:
¾
ɚɥɵɧԑɚɧ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɞɵ
-
ɢɨɧɞɵԕ ɬɟԙɞɟɭɥɟɪɞɿ ɤԧɛɟɣɬɤɿɲ
ɟɫɟɛɿɧɟɧ ԕɨɫɚɞɵ
:
5NO
2
Ǧ
+ 5H
2
O + 2MnO
4
Ǧ
+ 16H
+
5NO
3
Ǧ
+ 10H
+
+ 2Mn
2+
+ 8H
2
O
¾
ԝԕɫɚɫ ɦԛɲɟɥɟɪɞɿ ԕɵɫԕɚɪɬɚɞɵ
:
5NO
2
Ǧ + 2
MnO
4
Ǧ
+ 6H
+
5NO
3
Ǧ
+ 2Mn
2+
+ 3H
2
O
5) ɌɌɊ ɨɪɬɚɫɵɧɵԙ ɫɢɩɚɬɵɧ ɚɧɵԕɬɚɣɞɵ
: