Упрощенная HTML-версия
136
x
ɟɝɟɪ
Ʉ > 1
, ɨɧɞɚ
¨G < 0
ɠԛɣɟɞɟɝɿ ɯɢɦɢɹɥɵԕ ɬɟɩɟ-ɬɟԙɞɿɤ ɨԙԑɚ
ԕɚɪɚɣ ɵԑɵɫɚɞɵ, ԛɞɟɪɿɫ ɬɟɪɦɨɞɢɧɚɦɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɬԝɪԑɵɞɚ ɦԛɦɤɿɧ;
x
ɟɝɟɪ
Ʉ < 1
, ɨɧɞɚ
¨G > 0
ɠԛɣɟɞɟɝɿ ɯɢɦɢɹɥɵԕ ɬɟɩɟ-ɬɟԙɞɿɤ
ɫɨɥԑɚ ԕɚɪɚɣ ɵԑɵɫɚɞɵ, ԛɞɟɪɿɫ ɬɟɪɦɨɞɢɧɚɦɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɬԝɪԑɵɞɚ
ɲɟɤɬɟɥɝɟɧ.
ΨɪɬΟɪɥɿ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɥɚɪ Οɲɿɧ ɬɟɩɟ-ɬɟΝɞɿɤ
ɤɨɧɫɬɚɧɬɚɫɵɧɵΝ Ϋɪɧɟɤɬɟɥɭɿ
Ɍɟɩɟ-ɬɟԙɞɿɤ ɤɨɧɫɬɚɧɬɚɫɵ ԥɪɛɿɪ ԕɚɣɬɵɦɞɵ ԛɞɟɪɿɫɤɟ ɬԥɧ,
ɫɨɧɵɦɟɧ ԕɚɬɚɪ, ɨɥ ԕɚɧɞɚɣ ԛɞɟɪɿɫɬɿ ɫɢɩɚɬɬɚɣɬɵɧɞɵԑɵɦɟɧ
ɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫɬɵ ɛɨɥɚɞɵ ɠԥɧɟ Ʉ
ɋ
, Ʉ
Ɋ,
Ʉ
Ƚ
, Ʉ
Ⱦ
, Ʉ
ɌɁ
, ȿɄ ɞɟɩ ɛɟɥɝɿɥɟɧɟɞɿ.
Ʉɟɥɟɫɿ ɠԛɣɟɥɟɪɞɟɝɿ ɯɢɦɢɹɥɵԕ ɬɟɩɟ-ɬɟԙɞɿɤ ɠɚԑɞɚɣɥɚɪɵɧ
ԕɚɪɚɫɬɵɪɚɣɵԕ:
ɚ) ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɥɟɪ ɚɪɚɫɵɧɞɚΕɵ ɯɢɦɢɹɥɵΙ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹ
:
FeCl
3
(ɟɪ) + 3KSCN(ɟɪ)
l
Fe(SCN)
3
(ɟɪ) + 3KCl (ɟɪ)
>
@ > @
>
@
3
3
3
3
C
]
KSCN [
FeCl
KCl
) SCN (Fe
K
ɛ) ɝɚɡɞɚɪ ɚɪɚɫɵɧɞɚΕɵ ɯɢɦɢɹɥɵΙ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹ
:
N
2
(ɝ) + 3ɇ
2
(ɝ)
l
2Nɇ
3
(ɝ)
>
@
> @
3
2
2
2
3
P
]H[ N
NH K
ɜ) ɝɢɞɪɨɥɢɡ
:
K
2
ɋO
3
(ɟɪ)
+ HOH(ɫ.ɚɪɬ.)
l
KHCO
3
(ɟɪ) + KOH (ɟɪ)
>
@ >
@
>
@
3
2
3
Ƚ
COK
KOH
KHCO
K
ɝ) Ωɥɫɿɡ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɥɢɬɬɿΝ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɥɢɬɬɿɤ ɞɢɫɫɨɰɢɚɰɢɹɫɵ:
H
2
ɋO
3
(ɟɪ)
l
HCO
3
Ǧ (ɟɪ) + H
+
(ɟɪ)
> @ >
@
>
@
3
2
3
D
COH
HCO H K