Упрощенная HTML-версия
126
Ɇɵɫɚɥɵ ɠɚɣ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹ ԛɲɿɧ:
mȺ + nȼ ĺ pɋ + qȾ
ɬɭɪɚ
ɠԥɧɟ ɤɟɪɿ ɛɚԑɵɬɬɚ ɠԛɪɟɬɿɧ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɥɚɪɞɵԙ ɤɢɧɟɬɢɤɚɥɵԕ
ɬɟԙɞɟɭɥɟɪɿ ɤɟɥɟɫɿ ɬԛɪɞɟ ɠɚɡɵɥɚɞɵ:
X
ɬɭɪɚ
= k
1
· ɫ
m
(Ⱥ) · ɫ
n
(ȼ) ,
X
ɤɟɪɿ
= k
2
· ɫ
p
(ɋ) · ɫ
q
(Ⱦ)
ɦԝɧɞɚԑɵ
ɫ(Ⱥ), ɫ(ȼ), ɫ(ɋ), ɫ(Ⱦ)
– ɪɟɚɝɟɧɬɬɟɪ ɦɟɧ ԧɧɿɦɞɟɪɞɿԙ
ɦɨɥɶɞɿɤ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹɥɚɪɵ, ɦɨɥɶ/ɥ;
k
1
, k
2
– ɬɭɪɚ ɠԥɧɟ ɤɟɪɿ
ɛɚԑɵɬɬɚ ɠԛɪɟɬɿɧ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹ ɤɨɧɫɬɚɧɬɚɥɚɪɵ;
m, n, p, q
– ɪɟɚɝɟɧɬɬɟɪ
ɦɟɧ ԧɧɿɦɞɟɪɞɿԙ ɫɬɟɯɢɨɦɟɬɪɢɹɥɵԕ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɬɟɪɿ.
ɀɵɥɞɚɦɞɵԕɬɵԙ ɤɢɧɟɬɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɬɟԙɞɟɭɥɟɪɿɧɟ ɚɪɬɵԕ ɦԧɥɲɟɪɞɟ
ɚɥɵɧԑɚɧ ɫԝɣɵԕ ɠԥɧɟ ԕɚɬɬɵ ɡɚɬɬɚɪɞɵԙ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹɥɚɪɵɧ
ԕɨɫɩɚɣɞɵ, ɫɟɛɟɛɿ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹ ɛɚɪɵɫɵɧɞɚ ɛԝɥ ɡɚɬɬɚɪɞɵԙ ɤɨɧɰɟɧ-
ɬɪɚɰɢɹɥɚɪɵ ɿɫ ɠԛɡɿɧɞɟ ԧɡɝɟɪɦɟɣɞɿ.
x
ɏɢɦɢɹɥɵΙ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɧɵΝ ɤɨɧɫɬɚɧɬɚɫɵ
(
k
)
–
ɪɟɚɝɟɧɬɬɟɪ
ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹɥɚɪɵ 1 ɦɨɥɶ/ɥ ɬɟΝ ɛɨɥΕɚɧ ɠɚΕɞɚɣɞɚΕɵ ɯɢɦɢɹɥɵΙ
ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹ ɠɵɥɞɚɦɞɵΕɵɧ ɫɢɩɚɬɬɚɣɞɵ:
X
= k
, ɫ(Ⱥ) = ɫ(ȼ) = 1
ɦɨɥɶ/ɥ.
Ɋɟɚɤɰɢɹɧɵԙ ɠɵɥɞɚɦɞɵԕ ɤɨɧɫɬɚɧɬɚɫɵ (k) ɪɟɚɝɟɧɬɬɟɪɞɿԙ
ɬɚɛɢԑɚɬɵɧɚ, ԕɨɪɲɚԑɚɧ ɨɪɬɚɧɵԙ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚɫɵɧɚ, ɤɚɬɚɥɢɡɚ-
ɬɨɪɥɚɪɞɵԙ ԕɚɬɵɫɭɵɧɚ, ɫɨɧɵɦɟɧ ԕɚɬɚɪ, ɮɚɡɚ ɛԧɥɿɝɿɧɿԙ ɛɟɬɬɿɤ
ɚɭɞɚɧɵɧɚ (ɝɟɬɟɪɨɝɟɧɞɿ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹ ԛɲɿɧ) ɬԥɭɟɥɞɿ, ɞɟɦɟɤ, ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹ
ɤɨɧɫɬɚɧɬɚɫɵ ɦɟɧ ɠɵɥɞɚɦɞɵԑɵɧɚ ԥɫɟɪ ɟɬɟɬɿɧ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɥɚɪ
(ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹɞɚɧ ɛɚɫɤɚ) ɛɿɪɞɟɣ. Ɍԝɪɚԕɬɵ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚɞɚ
k
–
ɬԝɪɚԕɬɵ ɲɚɦɚ.
ɀɵɥɞɚɦɞɵԕ ɤɨɧɫɬɚɧɬɚɫɵɧɵԙ ɦԥɧɿ ɛɨɣɵɧɲɚ ԥɪɬԛɪɥɿ
ɡɚɬɬɚɪɞɵԙ ɯɢɦɢɹɥɵԕ ԧɡɚɪɚ ԥɫɟɪɥɟɫɭ ɠɵɥɞɚɦɞɵԑɵɧ ɚɧɵԕɬɚɭԑɚ
ɛɨɥɚɞɵ:
k
ɦΩɧɿ ɠɨΕɚɪɵ ɛɨɥΕɚɧ ɫɚɣɵɧ, ɛɟɪɿɥɝɟɧ ɡɚɬ ɫɨΕΡɪɥɵɦ
ɠɵɥɞɚɦ Ωɫɟɪɥɟɫɟɞɿ.
x
ɏɢɦɢɹɥɵΙ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɧɵΝ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɚɥɵΕɵ
(
Ɇ
) –
ɯɢɦɢɹɥɵΙ
ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɧɵΝ ɛɿɪ ɚɤɬɵɫɵɧɚ Ιɚɬɵɫɚɬɵɧ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɚɥɚɪ ɫɚɧɵɧ
ɫɢɩɚɬɬɚɣɞɵ.
Ɇɨɥɟɤɭɥɚɥɵԑɵ ɛɨɣɵɧɲɚ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɥɚɪɞɵԙ ɛԧɥɿɧɭɿ:
*
ɦɨɧɨɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɚɥɵ
(Ɇ=1):
I
2
o
I + I; CaCO
3
o
CaO + CO
2