Упрощенная HTML-версия
127
*
ɛɢɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɚɥɵ
(Ɇ=2):
2HI
o
ɇ
2
+ I
2
; HCl + NaOH
o
NaCl + H
2
O
*
Οɲɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɚɥɵ
(Ɇ=3):
2NO + O
2
o
2NO
2
Ɍɟɬɪɚɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɚɥɵԕ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɥɚɪ ɵԕɬɢɦɚɥɞɵԑɵ (Ɇ=4) ɿɫ
ɠԛɡɿɧɞɟ ɧԧɥɝɟ ɬɟԙ.
x
ɏɢɦɢɹɥɵΙ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɧɵΝ ɪɟɬɿ
(n)
–
ɪɟɚɝɟɧɬ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚ-
ɰɢɹɫɵɧɵΝ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹ ɭɚΙɵɬɵɧɚ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɞɵ ɬΩɭɟɥɞɿ ɟɤɟɧɿɧ
ɫɢɩɚɬɬɚɣɞɵ
(ɬԛɡɭɞɿԙ ɢɿɥɭ ɛԝɪɵɲɵɧɵԙ ɬɚɧɝɟɧɫɿ ɛɨɣɵɧɲɚ
ɠɵɥɞɚɦɞɵԕ ɤɨɧɫɬɚɧɬɚɫɵɧ ɚɧɵԕɬɚɭԑɚ ɛɨɥɚɞɵ).
* n = 0, ȣ = k · c
0
,
ɦԝɧɞɚԑɵ
k = c/ lj
o
lj = f (c)
* n = 1, ȣ = k · c
1
,
ɦԝɧɞɚԑɵ
c
c lg 3,2 k
0
W
o
lj = f (lgc)
*n = 2, ȣ = k · c
2
,
ɦԝɧɞɚԑɵ
¸¸
¹
·
¨¨
©
§
W
0
c
1
c
1 1 k
o
lj = f (1/c)
* n = 3, ȣ = k · c
3
,
ɦԝɧɞɚԑɵ
¸¸
¹
·
¨¨
©
§
W
2
0
2
c
1
c
1
2
1 k
o
lj = f (1/c
2
)
ɦԝɧɞɚԑɵ
ɫ
0
– ɪɟɚɝɟɧɬɬɿԙ ɛɚɫɬɚɩԕɵ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹɫɵ,
ɫ
–
ɭɚԕɵɬɵɧɞɚԑɵ (
W
) ɪɟɚɝɟɧɬ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹɫɵ;
ɫ
0
– ɫ = ɫ
ɏ
– ɭɚԕɵɬ (
W
)
ɚɪɚɥɵԑɵɧɞɚ ԧɡɝɟɪɝɟɧ ɪɟɚɝɟɧɬ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚ-ɰɢɹɫɵ.
ɏɢɦɢɹɥɵΙ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɧɵΝ ɪɟɬɿ
(n) –
ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹ ɠɵɥɞɚɦɞɵΕɵ
ɬɟΝɞɟɭɿɧɞɟɝɿ ɪɟɚɝɟɧɬɬɟɪ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹɥɚɪɵɧɵΝ ɞΩɪɟɠɟ
ɤΫɪɫɟɬɤɿɲɬɟɪɿɧɿΝ ɠɚɥɩɵ Ιɨɫɵɧɞɵɫɵɧɚ ɬɟΝ.
ɀɚɣ ɠԥɧɟ
ɝɨɦɨɝɟɧɞɿ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɥɚɪɞɵԙ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɚɥɵԑɵ ɠԥɧɟ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹ ɪɟɬɿ
ɫԥɣɤɟɫ ɤɟɥɟɞɿ; ɤԛɪɞɟɥɿ ɠԥɧɟ ɝɟɬɟɪɨɝɟɧɞɿ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɥɚɪ ԛɲɿɧ
ɨɥɚɪɞɵԙ ɦԥɧɞɟɪɿ ɛɿɪ-ɛɿɪɿɧɟɧ ɟɪɟɤɲɟɥɟɧɟɞɿ.
* 2Ⱥ (ɟɪ) + ȼ (ɟɪ) = Ⱦ
X
= k · c²(A) · ɫ(ȼ); Ɇ = n = 3.
* 2Ⱥ (ɟɪ) + ȼ (ԕ) = Ⱦ
X
= k · c²(A); Ɇ = 3, n = 2, ɹԑɧɢ Ɇ n.
* 2Ⱥ (ɫ.ɚɪɬ) + ȼ (ԕ) = Ⱦ
X
= k; Ɇ = 3, n = 0, ɹԑɧɢ Ɇ n.
Ɇɵɫɚɥɵ:
ɫɚɯɚɪɨɡɚɧɵԙ ɝɥɸɤɨɡɚ ɦɟɧ ɮɪɭɤɬɨɡɚԑɚ ɝɢɞɪɨ-
ɥɢɡɞɟɧɭ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɫɵ