Упрощенная HTML-версия
of water equation is written in the form:
nw =
<x (
a
w) [tg (awrc/2)], where a, (3
and y - some factors gleaned empirically on the basis of reference data on the
properties of the monomer solution equation. It describes quite well the curves
illustrating the effect of water activity on the concentration of the LMWC
solutions such as ethanol, ethyl benzenesulfonic acid, its salts,
tetramethylammonium chloride, which monomeric analogs studied in polymers.
Influence of the polymer chain of the water properties of the ER can be
determined if under the same environmental conditions and compare the specific
amount of water activity in the Republic of Poland and the corresponding
LMWC solution. Since the properties of the polar groups of the polymer does
not differ from the corresponding monomer, then under the same environmental
conditions must be the same and the equilibrium concentration of active
components in the monomer and polymer solutions. However, it is known, the
concentration of PS in these conditions is always higher than the concentration
of the monomer solution, that is the polymer chain apparently influence.
Influence and capillary pressure. It is shown that if the capillary radius is
constant, the water activity of the PS phase is associated with a relative vapor
pressure of the PS constant Kdwater distribution.
The degree of swelling of the polymer affects the amount of crosslinking
agent, the influence on the crosslinking Kd given special attention. Established
[11] that the polyelectrolyte based on styrene crosslinked with divinylbenzene
(DVB), the value of the constant depends on the amount of DVB in the polymer.
However, further studies swelling polymer lead to the conclusion that the
amount of the crosslinking agent is not always influenced by the amount of
water distribution constant.
The differences in the properties of water in the polymer and monomer
solutions are explained by the influence of the nature of the polymer molecule.
More specifically, the influence that the distance between the polar groups in the
polymer chain are fixed, which means that when contacted with pure water for
any polymer there is a minimum limit PS concentration which does not change
with increasing amounts of water.
Polymer solution concentration is considered as concentration of the
polymer chains. It is known that when dissolved linear polymer may receive any
concentration, but as follows from the results obtained spectral, calorimetric and
other methods [15], in polymers, water-swollen part of the water has an activity
equal to unity, i.e. it has activity pure water. On this basis, the water in the
polymers can be divided into "free" and "bound". "Bound" water phase referred
to as PS and thus indicate that the polymer swollen in water, are simultaneously
present two types of water, which means that the method of determining the
91