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appearance in their electrical conductivity. So no matter how dry polymer, or
water current conductors are not, then the appearance of the electrical
conductivity can be connected only to the dissociation of the polar groups of the
polymer. Occurrence of said electrical conductivity and that the water sorption
of the polymer is accompanied by the formation of the total volume, i.e. a pair of
swollen polymer possesses all the necessary properties of the solution, so called
hereinafter in its polymer solution (PS).
It is known that when placed in water are linear (uncrosslinked) polymers
are completely dissolved and crosslinked polymers have a swelling degree
increases. But, as shown in [5-67], an increase in the degree of swelling of the
crosslinked polymer is not associated with a change in the concentration of
SPM. It occurs as a result of the formation of new phases in the polymer - water
phase, or (in general), the external phase solution. PS phase concentration,
however, remains unchanged.
In [8, 9] it is shown that the properties of the polar groups of polymers do
not differ from the properties of the same groups in the corresponding low
molecular weight compounds (LMWC). Therefore, a comparison of data on the
balance in the system: LMWC solution - and PS pairs-pairs will set the
contribution of the polymer chain and the impact of the volume of the polymer
network and the number of water activity in the Republic of Poland.
From the equilibrium conditions for interphase follows if the vapor pressure
of the two different solutions of the same, and the same water activity in these
solutions. On this basis, it can be assumed that the predetermined vapor pressure
of water and its activity are the same concentration in the polymer solution and
the solution of its monomeric counterpart. However, comparison of these values
indicates that they differ markedly. The reason for the differences is analyzed in
[10], which suggested that the polymer chains are crosslinked to provide water
present between them, an effect similar to the action of the capillary wall.
The physical meaning is that depending on the amount of water, different
mechanisms of interaction with water solute. It is known that water molecules
first interact with the substance to bind with it much stronger and more focused
than the next. As a result of the binding energy and the orientation of the next
molecules differ markedly from the binding energy and the orientation of other
molecules. The amount of "first" depends on the nature of the molecules of the
solute, and usually not exceed a few molecules per molecule of H20 LMWC.
Subsequent water molecules interact with the LMWC via a different mechanism.
They focus on the pattern of the dipole-dipole interaction around already
hydrated dipole LMWC. These differences - the reason that the amount of water
dependent on the relative vapor pressure is S-shaped. To describe this behavior
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