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INTRODUCTION
Currently, production - is traditional and new tastes, textures certain food
ingredients produced using a variety of advanced technological methods, including
innovative processes used.
Science and technology, referred to as nanotechnology, the terminology which
appeared relatively recently. In 1905 - Swiss physicist Albert Einstein published a
paper which proved that the size of sugar molecules is about 1 nanometer, and in
1931 - German physicist Max Knoll, Ernst Ruska created the electron microscope,
which allowed for the first time to explore the nano-objects. In 1959 - American
physicist Richard Feynman first gave a lecture at the annual meeting of the American
Physical Society, which was called "full of toys on the room floor," which drew
attention to the miniaturization of the problem, which at the time was the actual
physical electronics, engineering, computer science.
This work is considered to be some of the fundamental nanotechnology,
although a number of points of this lecture are contrary to the laws of physics. In
1968. - Alfred Cho and John Arthur, the staff of the scientific division of the
American company Bell have developed the theoretical basis of nanotechnology
surface treatment. In 1974 - Japanese physicist Norio Taniguchi at the international
conference on industrial production in Tokyo introduced in the scientific revolution
the word "nanotechnology". Taniguchi used this word to describe the hyperfine
processing of materials with nanometer accuracy, he proposed to call them
mechanisms, measuring less than one micron. Thus were considered not only
mechanical, but also the ultrasonic treatment, as well as various types of beams
(electron, ion, etc.).
In 1982 - the German Physics Binnig and Rohrer created a special microscope
for the study of objects of the nanoworld. He was given the designation of SPM
(Scanning Probe Microscope). This discovery was of great importance for the
development of nanotechnology, since it was the first microscope that can show
individual atoms (SPM).
In 1985 - American physicists Robert Curl, Harold Kroto and Richard Smaley
created a technology that allows to accurately measure objects with a diameter of one
nanometer, and in 1986 - Nanotechnology has become known to the general public.
American futurist Erk Drexler, a pioneer of molecular nanotechnology,
published the book "Engines of creation", in which he predicted that nanotechnology
will soon begin to actively develop, postulated the possibility to use nano-sized
molecules for the synthesis of large molecules, but it is deeply reflected all the
technical challenges are now to nanotechnology.
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