The high values of the degree of swelling (23.0) achieved for the composite
hydrogel PIP-Laponite XLS [126]. This hydrogel obtained photopolymerization
IPA loaded to the dispersion of inorganic nanoparticles, followed by treatment
with dilute HCl solution.
Composite polymer hydrogels with special properties attached by entering
them with appropriate functional additives. Example Two groups of hydrogels:
hydrogels possess antibacterial properties and magnetic hydrogels.
A known method of polymer hydrogels with antibacterial properties -
saturation hydrogels antibiotics with aqueous solutions of [127].
Recently conducted research to develop antibacterial polymer hydrogels
containing nanoscale silver particles [128-131].
such materials manufacturing technology is the introduction of silver
nitrate in ionic hydrogels (acrylic acid copolymers) or nonionic (acrylamide
polymers or IPA) types and the subsequent recovery of silver ions with sodium
borohydride. Depending on the conditions of the operation, polymer type silver
particles have a size of 3 to 30 nm [129, 130]. diluted solutions can be used
AgNO
3
(0.66 mg/cm3) to produce a high antibacterial materials [129].Magnetic
certain hydrogels were synthesized by polymerizing hydrophilic monomers in
inverse emulsions in the presence of magnetic fluids, representing magnetite
dispersion in an organic or aqueous medium. Main applications of polymer
hydrogels having magnetic properties: the first is associated with the directional
transport of drugs, immobilized in the hydrogel particles, under the influence of
an external magnetic field [132-134], and the second relates to the creation of
sorbents, allowing clean water from magnetic particles [135] .
According to the classification described in the overview polymer
composite hydrogel composition separated into groups of the composition,
wherein the hydrophilic polymer is combined with another hydrophilic polymer
(1) with a hydrophobic polymer (2) or with an inorganic component is not
soluble in water (3). Typically, composite hydrogels - biphasic materials,
however, together with their chemical composition and has a value of its
structure. When choosing a method for producing a hydrogel composition must
take into account several factors, namely, the possibility of simultaneous or
sequential synthesis of polymers, the possibility of binding or inorganic polymer
components by chemical or physical interactions, and the nature of phase
separation in the formation material.
Summarizing described in the review how to create composite hydrogels,
there are several groups of methods. The first group includes methods of mixing
the components in a common solvent, and gelation occurs due to occurrence of
intermolecular physical interactions (hydrogen bonding, ionic interaction and
135