Упрощенная HTML-версия
457
2Mn
Ɉ
4
Ǧ
+ 5NO
2
Ǧ
+ 6ɇ
+
2Mn
2+
+ 5NO
3
Ǧ
+ 3ɇ
2
Ɉ
ɀɚɪɬɵɥɚɣ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹ ɬɟԙɞɟɭɿɧ ԕԝɪɭɞɵԙ ɤɟɥɟɫɿ ɪɟɬɿɧ
ɩɚɣɞɚɥɚɧɭԑɚ ɛɨɥɚɞɵ:
ɆnɈ
4
Ǧ
Ɇn
+2
ɀɚɪɬɵɥɚɣ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹ ɬɟԙɞɟɭɿɧɞɟ ɆnɈ
Ǧ
4
-
ɬɿԙ Ɇn
2+
ɚɣɧɚɥɭɵɧɞɚ
ɚɬɨɦɞɚɪɞɵԙ ɛɚɥɚɧɫɵ ԛɲɿɧ ɨɬɬɟɝɿɧɿԙ ɚɬɨɦɵɧ ɫɭɦɟɧ ɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫɬɵɪɭ
ԛɲɿɧ 8 ɦɨɥɶ ɇ
+
ɢɨɧɵɧ ԕɨɫɭ ԕɚɠɟɬ:
Ɇ
n
Ɉ
4
Ǧ
+ 8H
+
Ɇ
n
2+
+ 4ɇ
2
Ɉ (ɚɬɨɦɞɚɪɞɵԙ ɛɚɥɚɧɫɵ
)
Ɂɚɪɹɞɬɚɪɞɵ ɬɟԙɟɫɬɿɪɭ ԛɲɿɧ: ɬɟԙɞɟɭɞɿԙ ɫɨɥ ɠɚԑɵɧɚ 5 ɦɨɥɶ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧ ԕɨɫɚɦɵɡ:
Ɇ
n
Ɉ
4
Ǧ
+ 8H
+
+ 5 Ɲ = Ɇ
n
2+
+ 4ɇ
2
Ɉ (ɡɚɪɹɞɬɚɪɞɵԙ ɛɚɥɚɧɫɵ)
ɀɚɪɬɵɥɚɣ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹ ɬɟԙɞɟɭɿɧɞɟ: NO
2
Ǧ
NO
3
Ǧ
ɚɬɨɦɞɚɪ
ɛɚɥɚɧɫɵ ԛɲɿɧ ɫɨɥ ɠɚԑɵɧɚ 1 ɦɨɥɶ ɇ
2
Ɉ , ɚɥ ɨԙ ɠɚԑɵɧɚ – 2 ɦɨɥɶ
ɇ
+
ԕɨɫɭ ԕɚɠɟɬ:
NO
2
Ǧ
+ ɇ
2
Ɉ
NO
3
Ǧ
+ 2ɇ
+
(ɚɬɨɦɞɚɪɞɵԙ ɛɚɥɚɧɫɵ)
Ɂɚɪɹɞɬɚɪɞɵ ɬɟԙɞɟɫɬɿɪɭ ԛɲɿɧ ɬɟԙɞɟɭɞɿԙ ɫɨɥ ɠɚԑɵɧɚɧ 2 ɦɨɥɶ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɞɵ ɚɥɚɦɵɡ:
NO
2
Ǧ
+ ɇ
2
Ɉ – 2 Ɲ
NO
3
Ǧ
+ 2ɇ
+
(ɡɚɪɹɞɬɚɪɞɵԙ ɛɚɥɚɧɫɵ)
ɂɨɧɞɵ
-
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɞɵ ԥɞɿɫ ɌɌɊ ɢɨɧɞɵ ԥɞɿɫɿɧ ԕԝɪɭ ԛɲɿɧ
ԕɨɥɞɚɧɵɥɚɞɵ. Ȼԝɥ ԥɞɿɫ ɬɨɬɵԕɬɵɪԑɵɲɬɚԑɵ ɢɨɧɧɵԙ (ɦɨɥɟɤɭ
-
ɥɚɧɵԙ) ɠɚɪɬɵɥɚɣ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹ ɬɟԙɞɟɭɿɧ ԕԝɪɭɞɚ ɠԥɧɟ ɬɨɬɵԕɫɵɡ
-
ɞɚɧɞɵɪԑɵɲɬɚԑɵ ɢɨɧɧɵԙ (ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɚɧɵԙ) ɬɨɬɵԑɭɵɧɚ ɠɚɥɩɵ
ɬɟԙɞɟɭɥɟɪɿɧɞɟ ɨɥɚɪɞɵԙ ɫɚɧɞɚɪɵɧ ԕɨɫɭԑɚ ɧɟɝɿɡɞɟɥɝɟɧ.
Ɉɫɵ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɞɚ NO
Ǧ
2
ɢɨɧɵ NO
Ǧ
3
ɢɨɧɵɧɚ ɬɨɬɵԑɚɞɵ, ɚɥ ɆnɈ
Ǧ
4
ɢɨɧɵ Mn
2+
ɢɨɧɵɧɚ ɞɟɣɿɧ ɬɨɬɵԕɫɵɡɞɚɧɚɞɵ:
NO
Ǧ
2
+ ɇ
2
Ɉ –
2
Ɲ
NO
3
Ǧ
+ 2ɇ
+
(ɬɨɬɵԑɭɞɵԙ ɠɚɪɬɵɥɚɣ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɫɵ);
Ɇ
n
Ɉ
4
Ǧ
+ 8H
+
+ 5 Ɲ
Ɇ
n
2+
+ 4ɇ
2
Ɉ
(ɬɨɬɵԕɫɵɡɞɚɧɭɞɵԙ ɠɚɪɬɵɥɚɣ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɫɵ).
ɌɌɊ ɠɚɥɩɵ ɬɟԙɞɟɭɿɧ ɲɵԑɚɪɭɞɚ ɠɚɪɬɵɥɚɣ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹ ɬɟԙɞɟɭɿɧ
ɚɥɵɧԑɚɧ ɠԥɧɟ ɛɟɪɿɥɝɟɧ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɞɚɪɞɵԙ ɦɨɥɶ ɫɚɧɵ ɬɟԙɟɫɟɬɿɧɞɟɣ
ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɬɟɪɝɟ ɤԧɛɟɣɬɟɦɿɡ:
NO
2
Ǧ
+ ɇ
2
Ɉ –
2
Ɲ
NO
3
Ǧ
+ 2ɇ
+
ɯ 5
Ɇ
n
Ɉ
4
Ǧ
+ 8H
+
+ 5
Ɲ
Ɇ
n
2+
+ 4ɇ
2
Ɉ ɯ
2