Упрощенная HTML-версия
413
2)
Ʉɨɦɩɥɟɤɫ ɬԛɡɭɲɿɧɿԙ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɞɵԕ ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɚɰɢɹɫɵ ɛɨ
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ɣɵɧɲɚ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɰɢɹɥɵԕ ɫɚɧɵɧ, ɜɚɥɟɧɬɬɿɤ ɨɪɛɢɬɚɥɶɞɚɪɞɵԙ
ɝɢɛɪɢɞɬɟɥɭɿɧ ɠԥɧɟ ɄԔ ɤɟԙɿɫɬɿɤɬɿɤ ԕԝɪɵɥɵɦɵɧ ɚɧɵԕɬɚɭɞɵ
.
3)
Ʌɢɝɚɧɞɚɥɚɪ ԧɪɿɫɿɧɞɟ
d-
ɞɟԙɝɟɣɲɟɧɿԙ ɷɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɵɞɵ
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ɪɚɭ ɞɢɚɝɪɚɦɦɚɫɵɧ ԕԝɪɭɞɵ ɠԥɧɟ ɆɈԤ ɬԝɪԑɵɫɵɧɚɧ ɄԔ
ԕԝɪɵɥɵɫɵ ɦɟɧ ԕɚɫɢɟɬɬɟɪɿɧ ɬԛɫɿɧɞɿɪɭɞɿ;
4)
ɂɨɧɞɚɧɭ ɬɟԙɞɟɭɿɧ ɠɚɡɭɞɵ ɠԥɧɟ ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɞɟɝɿ ɄԔ ɢɨɧ
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ɞɚɥɭɵɧɵԙ ɬɟɩɟ
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ɬɟԙɞɿɤ ɤɨɧɫɬɚɧɬɚɫɵɧɵԙ ɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɮɨɪɦɭ
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ɥɚɫɵɧ ԕԝɪɭɞɵ
.
5)
Ʉɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɬɿɤ ԕɨɫɵɥɵɫɬɚɪɞɵԙ ɬԛɡɿɥɭ, ɚɥɦɚɫɭ, ɨɪɵɧɛɚɫɭ
ɠԥɧɟ ɵɞɵɪɚɭ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɥɚɪɵɧɵԙ ɬɟԙɞɟɭɥɟɪɿɧ ɠɚɡɭɞɵ.
Ԧɡɿɧ
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ԧɡɿ ɛɚԕɵɥɚɭ ɬɚɩɫɵɪɦɚɥɚɪɵ
1
-
ɬɚɩɫɵɪɦɚ
.
ɂɘɉȺɄ
ɧɨɦɟɧɤɥɚɬɭɪɚɫɵ
ɛɨɣɵɧɲɚ
[ɋɨ(
NH
3
)
5
Br]S
Ɉ
4
ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɬɿ ԕɨɫɵɥɵɫɬɵ ɚɬɚԙɵɡ ɠԥɧɟ ɨɧɵԙ
ɠɿɤɬɟɥɭɿɧ ɤɟɥɟɫɿ ɛɟɥɝɿɥɟɪɿ ɛɨɣɵɧɲɚ ԕɚɪɚɫɬɵɪɵԙɵɡ: ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɬɿ
ɛԧɥɲɟɤɬɟɪ ɡɚɪɹɞɵ ɥɢɝɚɧɞɚ ɬɚɛɢԑɚɬɵɧ ɫɵɪɬԕɵ ɫɮɟɪɚ ԕԝɪɚɦ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪ ɬɨԑɵɧ ԧɬɤɿɡɭ ԕɚɛɿɥɟɬɿ.
ɒɟɲɭɿ:
[ɋɨ(NH
3
)
5
Br]
SɈ
4
–
ɛɪɨɦɨɩɟɧɬɚɚɦɦɢɧɤɨɛɚɥɶɬ (ɒ)
ɫɭɥɶɮɚɬɵ.
Ɉɧɵԙ ɠɿɤɬɥɟɭɿɧ ԕɚɪɚɫɬɵɪɚɦɵɡ:
Ʉɚɬɢɨɧɞɵ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫ, ɫɟɛɟɛɿ [ɋɨ(
NH
3
)
5
Br]
2+
ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɬɿ
ɢɨɧɧɵԙ ɡɚɪɹɞɵ ɨԙ;
Ⱥɪɚɥɚɫ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫ, ɫɟɛɟɛɿ ɥɢɝɚɧɞɚɥɚɪɞɵԙ ɟɤɿ ɬԛɪɿ ɛɚɪ:
ɚɦɦɢɚɤ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɚɫɵ
NH
3
ɠԥɧɟ ԕɵɲԕɵɥ ԕɚɥɞɵԑɵɧɵԙ ɢɨɧɵ
Br
Ǧ;
Ʉɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɬɿ ɬԝɡ, ɫɟɛɟɛɿ ɫɵɪɬԕɵ ɫɮɟɪɚɫɵɧɞɚ ԕɵɲԕɵɥ
ԕɚɥɞɵԑɵɧɵԙ ɢɨɧɵ
S
Ɉ
4
2
Ǧ ɛɚɪ;
Ʉɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɬɿ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɥɢɬ, ɫɟɛɟɛɿ ɫɵɪɬԕɵ ɫɮɟɪɚɫɵ ɛɚɪ
.
2
-
ɬɚɩɫɵɪɦɚ.
ɇɟ ɫɟɛɟɩɬɿ ɫɭɫɵɡ ɦɵɫ (ɉ) ɫɭɥɶɮɚɬɵɧɵԙ, ɦɵɫ
ɤɭɩɨɪɨɫɵɧɵԙ ɠԥɧɟ ɦɵɫ (ɉ) ɚɦɦɢɚɤɚɬɵɧɵԙ ɬԛɫɬɟɪɿ ԥɪ ɬԛɪɥɿ
ɛɨɥɚɬɵɧɵɧ ɬԛɫɿɧɞɿɪɿԙɿɡ.
ɒɟɲɭɿ:
Ʉɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɬɟɪɞɿԙ ɬԛɫɿɧɿԙ ɚɣɵɪɦɚɲɵɥɵԕɬɚɪɵ ɤɨɦ
-
ɩɥɟɤɫ ɬԛɡɭɲɿɧɿԙ ɜɚɥɟɧɬɬɿɤ ɞɟԙɝɟɣɲɟɥɟɪɿɧɞɟɝɿ ɵɞɵɪɚɭ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɹ
-
ɥɚɪɵɧɵԙ ( ) ɦԥɧɿɦɟɧ ɚɧɵԕɬɚɥɚɞɵ (ԕɨɫɵɦɲɚ 10). Ɇԥɧɞɟɪɿ
ɠɨԑɚɪɵ ɛɨɥԑɚɧɞɚ
ɠԝɬɵɥɭ ɠɨԑɚɪɵ ɠɢɿɥɿɤ ɠɚԑɵɧɚ ԕɚɪɚɣ