Упрощенная HTML-версия
350
3)
Ʉɟɥɟɫɿ ɫɯɟɦɚɥɚɪɞɵ ɌɌɊ ɠɚɪɬɵɥɚɣ ԥɞɿɫɿɦɟɧ ɬɟԙɟɫɬɿɪɿɩ,
ɠɚɡɵԙɵɡ:
ɚ)
Fe
(Ɉɇ)
2
p
+ Ɉ
2
o
Fe
(Ɉɇ)
3
p
+ H
2
O
ɛ) ɋɨ(Ɉɇ)
2
p
+ H
2
Ɉ
2
o
ɋɨ(Ɉɇ)
3
p
+ H
2
O
ɜ)
Ni
(Ɉɇ)
2
p
+ Br
2
o
Ni
(Ɉɇ)
3
p
+ Br
Ǧ
4)
Ⱥɥɵɧԑɚɧ ɦԥɥɿɦɟɬɬɟɪɞɿ ɬԛɫɿɧɞɿɪɿԙɿɡ ɠԥɧɟ ɬɟɦɿɪ (ɉ),
ɤɨɛɚɥɶɬ (ɉ) ɠԥɧɟ ɧɢɤɟɥɶ (ɉ) ɝɢɞɪɨɤɫɢɞɬɟɪɿɧɿԙ ɬɨɬɵԕɫɵɡɞɚɧ
-
ɞɵɪԑɵɲɬɵԕ ԕɚɫɢɟɬɬɟɪɿ ɬɭɪɚɥɵ ԕɨɪɵɬɵɧɞɵ ɠɚɫɚԙɵɡ; ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨ
-
ɯɢɦɢɹɥɵԕ ɠԛɣɟɥɟɪɞɿԙ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɬɵ ɪɟɞɨɤɫ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɞɚɪɵɧɵԙ
(ȿ
0
)
ɦԥɧɿɧ ɟɫɤɟɪɟ ɨɬɵɪɵɩ, ɠɚɫɚɥԑɚɧ ԕɨɪɵɬɵɧɞɵɥɚɪɞɵԙ ɞԝɪɵɫ
-
ɬɵԑɵɧ ɬɟɤɫɟɪɿԙɿɡ.
ɚ) ȿ
0
Fe
(Ɉɇ)
3
/ Fe
(Ɉɇ)
2
=
– 0,56 ȼ;
ɛ) ȿ
0
Co
(Ɉɇ)
3
/ Co
(Ɉɇ)
2
= + 0,17
ȼ;
ɜ) ȿ
0
Ni
(Ɉɇ)
3
/ Ni
(Ɉɇ)
2
= + 0,89 ȼ;
ɝ) ȿ
0
Ɉ
2
, H
2
O
/ 4ɈɇǦ = + 0,40 ȼ;
ɞ) ȿ
0
H
2
O
2
/ H
2
O = + 0,68 ȼ;
ɟ) ȿ
0
2BrOǦ/ 2BrǦ = + 1,59 ȼ.
ΘΡɪɚɥɞɚɪ ɠΩɧɟ ɪɟɚɤɬɢɜɬɟɪ.
ɋɵɧɚɭɵԕɬɚɪ, ɬɟɦɿɪ (ɉ)
ɯɥɨɪɢɞɿɧɿԙ FeCl
2
, ɤɨɛɚɥɶɬ (ɉ) ɯɥɨɪɢɞɿɧɿԙ CoCl
2
, ɧɢɤɟɥɶ (ɉ)
ɯɥɨɪɢɞɿɧɿԙ NiCl
2
, ɧɚɬɪɢɣ ɝɢɞɪɨɤɫɢɞɿɧɿԙ NɚɈɇ, ɫɭɬɟɝɿ ɚɫԕɵɧ
ɬɨɬɵԑɵɧɵԙ H
2
Ɉ
2
, ɛɪɨɦ ɫɭɵɧɵԙ Br
2
ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɥɟɪɿ.
*
Ȼɪɨɦ ɫɭɞɚ ɠɚɪɵɦ ɠɚɪɬɵɥɚɣ ɟɪɢɞɿ, ɫɨɧɞɵΙɬɚɧ ɛɪɨɦ ɫɭɵ
ɛɿɪɧɟɲɟ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɬɟɪɞɿΝ ɠΟɣɟɫɿɧ ɤΫɪɫɟɬɟɞɿ:
Br
2
+ H
2
Ɉ
l
HBrO + HBr
ɌΩɠɿɪɢɛɟɧɿΝ ɨɪɵɧɞɚɥɭɵ.
Ɍɨԑɵɡ ɫɵɧɚɭɵԕ ɞɚɣɵɧɞɚԙɵɡ.
Ⱥɥԑɚɲԕɵ ԛɲ ɫɵɧɚɭɵԕԕɚ ԥɪ ԕɚɣɫɵɫɵɧɚ ɛԧɥɟɤ 1
-
2 ɦɥ
-
ɞɟɧ FeCl
2
,
CoCl
2
, NiCl
2
ɬԝɡ ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɥɟɪɿɧ ԕԝɣɵԙɵɡ ɠԥɧɟ ɫɨɧɞɚɣ ɨɥɚɪԑɚ
ɤԧɥɟɦɞɟ NɚɈɇ ԕɨɫɵԙɵɡ.
Ɍԛɡɿɥɝɟɧ ɚɡ ɟɪɢɬɿɧ ɝɢɞɪɨɤɫɢɞɬɟɪɞɿԙ ɬԛɫɿɧ ɟɫɤɟɪɿԙɿɡ. ɋɨɧɚɧ
ɫɨԙ ɫɵɧɚɭɵԕɬɵԙ ɿɲɿɧɞɟɝɿɫɿɧ ԛɲ ɛԧɥɿɤɤɟ ɛԧɥɿԙɿɡ: ɫɵɧɚɭɵԕɬɵԙ
ɛɿɪɿɧɲɿ ɬɨɛɵɧ ԧɡɝɟɪɿɫɫɿɡ ԕɚɥɞɵɪɵԙɵɡ, ɟɤɿɧɲɿɝɟ
-
ɲɚɦɚɦɟɧ 1
-2
ɦɥ H
2
Ɉ
2
ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɫɿɧ ԕɨɫɵԙɵɡ, ɚɥ ԛɲɿɧɲɿ ɬɨɛɵɧɚ 1
-
2 ɦɥ
-
ɞɟɧ ɛɪɨɦ