Упрощенная HTML-версия
346
ɛ)
ZnSO
4
+ Cu
o
…
ɜ) CdCl
2
+ Zn
o
…
ɝ)
CdCl
2
+ Cu
o
…
2)
Ȼɚɣԕɚɥɚɬɵɧ ɌɌɊ
-
ɧɵԙ ɫɵɪɬԕɵ ɛɟɥɝɿɥɟɪɿɧ ɤԧɪɫɟɬɿԙɿɡ ɠԥɧɟ
ɨɥɚɪɞɵ ɠɚɪɬɵɥɚɣ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹ ԥɞɿɫɿɦɟɧ ɬɟԙɟɫɬɿɪɿԙɿɡ.
3)
Ⱥɥɵɧԑɚɧ ɦԥɥɿɦɟɬɬɟɪɞɿ ɬԛɫɿɧɞɿɪɿɩ, ɦɟɬɚɥɞɚɪɞɵԙ ɫɬɚɧ
-
ɞɚɪɬɬɵ ɪɟɞɨɤɫ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɞɚɪɵɧɵԙ (ȿ
0
)
ɦԥɧɿɧ ɟɫɤɟɪɟ ɨɬɵɪɵɩ,
ɦɵɪɵɲɬɵԙ, ɤɚɞɦɢɞɿԙ ɠԥɧɟ ɦɵɫɬɵԙ ɬɨɬɵԕɫɵɡɞɚɧɞɵɪԑɵɲɬɵԕ
ɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿɥɿɝɿ ɬɭɪɚɥɵ ԕɨɪɵɬɵɧɞɵ ɠɚɫɚԙɵɡ, ɠɚɫɚԑɚɧ ԕɨɪɵɬɵɧ
-
ɞɵɥɚɪɵԙɵɡɞɵԙ ɞԝɪɵɫɬɵԑɵɧ ɬɟɤɫɟɪɿԙɿɡ:
ɚ)
E
º
Zn
2+
/ Zn =
–
0,76 B
ɛ) Eº Cd
2+
/ Cd =
–
0,40 ȼ
ɜ) Eº Cu
2+
/ Cu = + 0,34 B.
ΘΡɪɚɥɞɚɪ ɠΩɧɟ ɪɟɚɤɬɢɜɬɟɪ.
ɋɵɧɚɭɵԕɬɚɪ, ɦɵɪɵɲ ɦɟɬɚ
-
ɥɵɧɵԙ ɬԛɣɿɪɲɿɤɬɟɪɿ, ɦɵɫ ɫɵɦɵ, ɦɵɫ ɫɭɥɶɮɚɬɵɧɵԙ CuSO
4
,
ɤɚɞɦɢɣ ɯɥɨɪɢɞɿɧɿԙ CdCl
2,
ɦɵɪɵɲ ɫɭɥɶɮɚɬɵɧɵԙ ZnSO
4
ɟɪɿɬɿɧ
-
ɞɿɥɟɪɿ.
ɌΩɠɿɪɢɛɟɧɿΝ ɨɪɵɧɞɚɥɭɵ.
ȿɤɿ ɫɵɧɚɭɵԕ ɚɥɵɩ, ԥɪ ԕɚɣɫɵɫɵɧɚ
1-
2 ɦɥ
-
ɞɟɧ ɠɟɤɟ
-
ɠɟɤɟ ɦɵɫ ɫɭɥɶɮɚɬɵ CuSO
4
ɠԥɧɟ ɤɚɞɦɢɣ ɯɥɨɪɢɞɿ
CdCl
2
ɬԝɡɞɚɪɵɧɵԙ ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɥɟɪɿɧ ԕԝɣɵԙɵɡ. ɋɨɞɚɧ ɤɟɣɿɧ ɬԝɡ
ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɥɟɪɿ ԕԝɣɵɥԑɚɧ ɫɵɧɚɭɵԕɬɚɪԑɚ ɦɵɪɵɲɬɵԙ ɛɿɪ ɬԛɣɿɪɲɿɝɿɧ
ɫɚɥɵԙɵɡ.
Ȼɿɪɿɧɲɿ ɫɵɧɚɭɵԕɬɚ ɦɵɪɵɲ ɬԛɣɿɪɲɿɝɿɧɿԙ ɫԝɪ
-
ɤԧɝɿɥɞɿɪ ɛɟɬɿɧɟɧ
ԕɵɡɵɥ ɬԛɫɬɿ ɦɵɫɬɵԙ Cu ɬԛɡɿɥɝɟɧɿɧ ɛɚɣԕɚԙɵɡ, ɹԑɧɢ ɤɟɣɿɧɧɟɧ
ɬɨɬɵԑɭɞɵԙ ɫɚɥɞɚɪɵɧɚɧ ԕɚɪɚɹɞɵ, ɚɥ ɟɤɿɧɲɿ ɫɵɧɚɭɵԕɬɚ ԝɫɚԕ
ɞɢɫɩɟɪɫɬɿ ԕɚɪɚ ɤɚɞɦɢɞɿԙ Cd ɬԛɡɿɥɝɟɧɿɧ ɛɚɣԕɚԙɵɡ. Ⱥɪɵ ԕɚɪɚɣ
ɬɚԑɵ ɞɚ ZnSO
4
ɠԥɧɟ
CdCl
2
ɬԝɡ ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɥɟɪɿ ɛɚɪ ɟɤɿ ɫɵɧɚɭɵԕ
ɞɚɣɵɧɞɚԙɵɡ. ȿɤɿ ɫɵɧɚɭɵԕԕɚ ɞɚ ɦɵɫ Cu ɫɵɦɵɧ ɫɚɥɵԙɵɡ. ȿɤɿ
ɫɵɧɚɭɵԕɬɚ ɞɚ ɦɵɫ ɫɵɦɵɧɵԙ ɛɟɬɿ ԕɵɡɵɥ ɠԥɧɟ ɠɚɥɬɵɪ
ɛɨɥɚɬɵɧɵɧ ɤԧɪɿԙɿɡ.
2-
ɬΩɠɿɪɢɛɟ
.
Ƚɚɥɨɝɟɧɢɞ – ɢɨɧɞɚɪɞɵԙ ԕɚɬɵɫɭɵɦɟɧ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɯɢɦɢɹɥɵԕ ɠԛɣɟɥɟɪ
Ɍɚɩɫɵɪɦɚɥɚɪ:
1)
Ɍԧɦɟɧɞɟɝɿ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɯɢɦɢɹɥɵԕ ɠԛɣɟɥɟɪɞɿԙ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɬɵ
ɪɟɞɨɤɫ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɞɚɪɵɧɵԙ (ȿ
0
)
ɦԥɧɿɧ ԕɨɥɞɚɧɚ ɨɬɵɪɵɩ, ԧɡɞɿɝɿɧɟɧ
ɠԛɪɟɬɿɧ ɌɌɊ ɫɯɟɦɚɫɵɧ ԕԝɪɵԙɵɡ: