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Ȼ
–
ɧԝɫԕɚ.
Ȼɟɫ ɫɵɧɚɭɵԕ ɚɥɵԙɵɡ, ɚɡɨɬ ԕɵɲԕɵɥɵɧɵԙ
HNO
3
,
ɚɦɦɨɧɢɣ ɝɢɞɪɨɤɫɢɞɿɧɿԙ NH
4
OH, ɧɚɬɪɢɣ ɧɢɬɪɚɬɵɧɵԙ NaNO
3
,
ɧɚɬɪɢɣ ɤɚɪɛɨɧɚɬɵɧɵԙ Na
2
CO
3
, ԕɚɥɚɣɵ (II) ɯɥɨɪɢɞɿɧɿԙ SnCl
2
ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɥɟɪɿɧ 1
-
2 ɦɥ
-
ɞɟɧ 5 cɵɧɚɭɵԕԕɚ ɠɟɤɟ
-
ɠɟɤɟ ԕԝɣɵɩ, ԥɪ ɫɵɧɚ
-
ɭɵԕԕɚ ԥɦɛɟɛɚɩ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ ԕɚԑɚɡɵɧ ɛɚɬɵɪɵɩ, ɨɪɬɚɫɵɧ ɚɧɵԕ
-
ɬɚԙɵɡ. ɂɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ ɬԛɫɿɧɿԙ ԧɡɝɟɪɭɿɧ ɛɚԕɵɥɚԙɵɡ.
2-
ɬΩɠɿɪɢɛɟ
. Ɍԝɡɞɚɪ ɝɢɞɪɨɥɢɡɿɧ ɫɚɥɵɫɬɵɪɭ
Ɍɚɩɫɵɪɦɚɥɚɪ
(ɬԥɠɿɪɢɛɟ ɧԝɫԕɚ ɛɨɣɵɧɲɚ ɠԛɪɝɿɡɿɥɟɞɿ):
1)
Ɍԧɦɟɧɞɟɝɿ ɬԝɡ ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɥɟɪɿɧɿԙ ɪɇ ɦԥɧɿ ɦɟɧ ɨɪɬɚɫɵɧ
ɤԧɪɫɟɬɿԙɿɡ:
Ⱥ
–
ɧԝɫԕɚ:
ɚ ) Na
2
SO
3
–
Na
2
CO
3
ɛ) AlCl
3
–
SnCl
2
ɜ) NaHCO
3
–
Na
2
CO
3
ɝ
) NaHSO
3
–
NaHCO
3
Ȼ
–
ɧԝɫԕɚ:
ɚ) Na
3
PO
4
–
NaH
2
PO
4
ɛ) MgCl
2
- AlCl
3
ɜ) ZnCl
2
- CdCl
2
ɝ) MgSO
4
–
ZnSO
4
2)
ɀɨԑɚɪɵɞɚ ɤԧɪɫɟɬɿɥɝɟɧ ɬԝɡɞɚɪ ɠԝɛɵɧɵԙ ɝɢɞɪɨɥɢɡɿɧ (h
r
)
ɫɚɥɵɫɬɵɪɵԙɵɡ. ɀɚɭɚɛɵɧ ԥɦɛɟɛɚɩ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ ԕɚԑɚɡɵɧɵԙ ԥɪ
ɬԛɪɥɿ ɛɨɹɥɭɵɦɟɧ ɞԥɥɟɥɞɟԙɿɡ ɠԥɧɟ ɠɚԕɫɵ ɝɢɞɪɨɥɢɡɞɟɧɟɬɿɧ
ɬԝɡɞɵԙ ɝɢɞɪɨɥɢɡɞɟɧɭ ɬɟɧɞɟɭɿɧ ɠɚɡɵԙɵɡ.
3)
Ⱥɥɵɧԑɚɧ ɦԥɥɿɦɟɬɬɟɪɞɿ ɬԛɫɿɧɞɿɪɿɩ, ɠɨԑɚɪɵɞɚ ɤԧɪɫɟɬɿɥɝɟɧ
ɬԝɡɞɚɪ ɝɢɞɪɨɥɢɡɿɧɟ ԕɨɪɵɬɵɧɞɵ ɠɚɫɚԙɵɡ.
ΘΡɪɚɥɞɚɪ ɠΩɧɟ ɪɟɚɤɬɢɜɬɟɪ.
Ⱥ
–
ɧԝɫԕɚ.
ɋɵɧɚɭɵԕɬɚɪ, ԥɦɛɟɛɚɩ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ ԕɚԑɚɡɵ, ɧɚɬɪɢɣ
ɫɭɥɶɮɢɬɿɧɿԙ N
2
SO
3
, ɧɚɬɪɢɣ ɤɚɪɛɨɧɚɬɵɧɵԙ Na
2
CO
3
, ɚɥɸɦɢɧɢɣ
ɯɥɨɪɢɞɿɧɿԙ AlCl
3
, ԕɚɥɚɣɵ ɯɥɨɪɢɞɿɧɿԙ SnCl
2
(II), ɧɚɬɪɢɣ ɝɢɞɪɨ
-
ɤɚɪɛɨɧɚɬɵɧɵԙ NaHCO
3
, ɧɚɬɪɢɣ ɝɢɞɪɨɫɭɥɶɮɢɬɿɧɿԙ NaHSO
3
ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɥɟɪɿ.