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ɗɄɋɉȿɊɂɆȿɇɌɌȱɄ ȻԦɅȱɆ
1-
ɬΩɠɿɪɢɛɟ
. Ȼɟɣɨɪɝɚɧɢɤɚɥɵԕ ԕɨɫɵɥɵɫɬɚɪɞɵԙ ɫɭɞɚԑɵ
ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɥɟɪɿɧɿԙ ɪɇ ɦԥɧɿ ɠԥɧɟ ɨɪɬɚɧɵԙ ɫɢɩɚɬɬɚɦɚɫɵ
Ɍɚɩɫɵɪɦɚɥɚɪ
(ɬԥɠɿɪɢɛɟ ɧԝɫԕɚ ɛɨɣɵɧɲɚ ɠԛɪɝɿɡɿɥɟɞɿ):
1.
Ɍԧɦɟɧɞɟɝɿ ɫɭɥɵ ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɥɟɪɞɿԙ ɨɪɬɚɫɵɧ ԥɦɛɟɛɚɩ
ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ ԕɚԑɚɡɵɧɵԙ ɤԧɦɟɝɿɦɟɧ ɚɧɵԕɬɚԙɵɡ.
Ⱥ
–
ɧԝɫԕɚ:
ɫɿɪɤɟ ԕɵɲԕɵɥɵɧɵԙ CH
3
COOH, ɧɚɬɪɢɣ ɝɢɞɪɨɤ
-
ɫɢɞɿɧɿԙ NaOH, ɛɚɪɢɣ ɯɥɨɪɢɞɿɧɿԙ BaCl
2
, ɧɚɬɪɢɣ ɫɭɥɶɮɢɬɿɧɿԙ
Na
2
SO
3
, ɚɥɸɦɢɧɢɣ ɯɥɨɪɢɞɿɧɿԙ AlCl
3
.
Ȼ
–
ɧԝɫԕɚ:
ɚɡɨɬ ԕɵɲԕɵɥɵɧɵԙ HNO
3
, ɚɥɸɦɢɧɢɣ ɝɢɞɪɨɤ
-
ɫɢɞɿɧɿԙ NH
4
OH, ɧɚɬɪɢɣ ɧɢɬɪɚɬɵɧɵԙ NaNO
3,
ɧɚɬɪɢɣ ɤɚɪɛɨ
-
ɧɚɬɵɧɵԙ Na
2
CO
3
, ɠԥɧɟ ԕɚɥɚɣɵ ɯɥɨɪɢɞɿɧɿԙ SnCl
2
(II).
2.
ɀɨԑɚɪɵɞɚ ɤԧɪɫɟɬɿɥɝɟɧ ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɥɟɪɞɿԙ ɪɇ
-
ɦԥɧɿɧ ɤԧɪɫɟɬɿԙɿɡ
ɠԥɧɟ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɥɢɬɬɿɤ ɞɢɫɫɨɰɢɚɰɢɹ (ɗȾ), ɝɢɞɪɨɥɢɡɞɟɧɭ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹ
ɬɟԙɞɟɭɥɟɪɿɧ ɠɚɡɵԙɵɡ.
3.
Ⱥɥɵɧԑɚɧ ɦԥɥɿɦɟɬɬɟɪɞɿ ɬԛɫɿɧɞɿɪɿɩ, ɨɪɬɚɧɵԙ ԥɪ ɬԛɪɥɿ
ɫɢɩɚɬɬɚɦɚɫɵ ɦɟɧ ɫɭɞɚԑɵ ɛɟɣɨɪɝɚɧɢɤɚɥɵԕ ԕɨɫɵɥɵɫɬɚɪ ɟɪɿɬɿɧ
-
ɞɿɫɿɧɿԙ ɪɇ
-
ɦԥɧɿ ɬɭɪɚɥɵ ԕɨɪɵɬɵɧɞɵ ɠɚɫɚԙɵɡ.
ΘΡɪɚɥɞɚɪ ɠΩɧɟ ɪɟɚɤɬɢɜɬɟɪ
Ⱥ
–
ɧԝɫԕɚ.
ɋɵɧɚɭɵԕɬɚɪ, ԥɦɛɟɛɚɩ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ ԕɚԑɚɡɵ, ɫɿɪɤɟ
ԕɵɲԕɵɥɵɧɵԙ CH
3
COOH, ɧɚɬɪɢɣ ɝɢɞɪɨɤɫɢɞɿɧɿԙ NaOH, ɛɚɪɢɣ
ɯɥɨɪɢɞɿɧɿԙ BaCl
2
, ɧɚɬɪɢɣ ɫɭɥɶɮɢɬɿɧɿԙ Na
2
SO
3
ɠԥɧɟ ɚɥɸɦɢɧɢɣ
ɯɥɨɪɢɞɿɧɿԙ AlCl
3
ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɥɟɪɿ.
Ȼ
–
ɧԝɫԕɚ.
ɋɵɧɚɭɵԕɬɚɪ, ԥɦɛɟɛɚɩ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ ԕɚԑɚɡɵ, ɚɡɨɬ
ԕɵɲԕɵɥɵɧɵԙ
HNO
3
, ɚɦɦɨɧɢɣ ɝɢɞɪɨɤɫɢɞɿɧɿԙ NH
4
OH, ɧɚɬɪɢɣ
ɧɢɬɪɚɬɵɧɵԙ NaNO
3
ɧɚɬɪɢɣ ɤɚɪɛɨɧɚɬɵɧɵԙ Na
2
CO
3
ɠԥɧɟ ԕɚɥɚɣɵ
ɯɥɨɪɢɞɿɧɿԙ SnCl
2
(II) ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɥɟɪɿ.
ɌΩɠɿɪɢɛɟɧɿΝ ɨɪɵɧɞɚɥɭɵ.
Ⱥ
–
ɧԝɫԕɚ
. Ȼɟɫ ɫɵɧɚɭɵԕ ɚɥɵɩ, ɫɿɪɤɟ ԕɵɲԕɵɥɵɧɵԙ
CH
3
COOH, ɧɚɬɪɢɣ ɝɢɞɪɨɤɫɢɞɿɧɿԙ NaOH,ɛɚɪɢɣ ɯɥɨɪɢɞɿɧɿԙ BaCl
2
,
ɧɚɬɪɢɣ ɫɭɥɶɮɢɬɿɧɿԙ Na
2
SO
3
, ɚɥɸɦɢɧɢɣ ɯɥɨɪɢɞɿɧɿԙ AlCl
3
ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɥɟɪɿɧ 1
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2 ɦɥ
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ɞɟɧ 5 ɫɵɧɚɭɵԕԕɚ ԕԝɣɵɩ, ԥɪ ɫɵɧɚɭɵԕԕɚ
ԥɦɛɟɛɚɩ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ ԕɚԑɚɡɵɧ ɛɚɬɵɪɵɩ, ɨɪɬɚɫɵɧ ɚɧɵԕɬɚԙɵɡ.
ɂɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ ɬԛɫɿɧɿԙ ԧɡɝɟɪɭɿɧ ɛɚԕɵɥɚԙɵɡ.