Упрощенная HTML-версия
259
x
Ɇɟɬɚɥɥ ɬΡɡɵɧɵΝ ɫɭɞɚΕɵ ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɫɿɧ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɥɢɡɞɟɭ
ɠɨɥɵɦɟɧ ɤɚɥɢɣ ɝɢɞɪɨɤɫɢɞɿɧ ɄɈɇ ɚɥɭ.
ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɞɬɚɪɵ ɤԧɦɿɪɬɟɤ ɬɵԑɵɧɵɧɚɧ ɬԝɪɚɬɵɧ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɥɢɡ
-
ɞɟɭɝɟ ɚɪɧɚɥԑɚɧ (1
-
ɫɭɪɟɬ) ɠԥɧɟ U – ɬԥɪɿɡɞɿ ɬԛɬɿɤɤɟ ɤɚɥɢɣ
ɢɨɞɢɞɿɧɿԙ ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɫɿɧ ԕԝɣɵԙɵɡ. Ɍԛɬɿɤɬɿԙ ɫɨɥ ɢɿɧɿɧɟ 1
-
2 ɬɚɦɲɵ
ɮɟɧɨɥɮɬɚɥɟɢɧ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɵɧ ԕɨɫɵԙɵɡ.
Ʉȱ ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɫɿ ɛɟɣɬɚɪɚɩ ɨɪɬɚɧɵ ɤԧɪɫɟɬɟɞɿ (ɤɚɥɢɣ ɢɨɞɢɞɿ ɬԝɡɵ
ɤԛɲɬɿ ɧɟɝɿɡɛɟɧ ɤԛɲɬɿ ԕɵɲԕɵɥɞɚɧ ɬԛɡɿɥɝɟɧ), ɫɨɧɞɵԕɬɚɧ, ɚɥԑɚ
-
ɲɵɧɞɚ ɮɟɧɨɥɮɬɚɥɟɢɧ ɬԛɫɫɿɡ ԕɚɥɩɵɧɞɚ ԕɚɥɚɞɵ. Ⱥɪɵ ԕɚɪɚɣ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɞɬɚɪɞɵ ɠɚɥԑɚԙɵɡ, U – ɬԥɪɿɡɞɿ ɬԛɬɿɤɬɿԙ ɫɨɥ ɢɿɧɿɧɟ ɬɨɤ
ɤԧɡɿɧɿԙ (ɤɚɬɨɞɩɟɧ) ɬɟɪɿɫ ɩɨɥɸɫɿɧ, ɚɥ ɨԙ ɠɚԕɬɚԑɵ ɢɿɧɿɧɟ ɨԙ
ɩɨɥɸɫɿɧ (ɚɧɨɞɩɟɧ) ɠɚɥԑɚԙɵɡ. Ȼɿɪɧɟɲɟ ɦɢɧɭɬɬɚɧ ɤɟɣɿɧ U –
ɬԥɪɿɡɞɿ ɬԛɬɿɤɬɿԙ ɫɨɥ ɢɿɧɿɧɞɟɝɿ ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɧɿԙ ɬɚԙԕɭɪɚɣ ɬԛɫɤɟ
ɛɨɹɥԑɚɧɵɧ (ɄɈɇ ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɫɿɧɿԙ ɬԛɡɿɥɭɿɧɟɧ), ɚɥ ɨԙ ɢɿɧɿɧɞɟɝɿ
ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɧɿԙ ԕɨԙɵɪ ɬԛɫɤɟ (ɛɨɫ ɢɨɞɬɵԙ ȱ
2
ɬԛɡɿɥɭɿɧɟɧ) ɛɨɹɥԑɚɧɵɧ
ɛɚɣԕɚԙɵɡ. Ɍԥɠɿɪɢɛɟɧɿ ɨɪɵɧɞɚԑɚɧɧɚɧ ɤɟɣɿɧ U – ɬԥɪɿɡɞɿ ɬԛɬɿɤɬɟɧ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɞɬɚɪɞɵ ɚɠɵɪɚɬɵԙɵɡ.
1-
ɫɭɪɟɬ – ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɥɢɡ ԕԝɪɵɥԑɵɫɵ
2-
ɬԥɠɿɪɢɛɟ. Ԕɵɲԕɵɥɞɵԕ ɝɢɞɪɨɤɫɢɞɬɟɪɞɿ
(
ɨɤɫɨԕɵɲԕɵɥɞɚɪɞɵ
)
ɚɥɭ
Ɍɚɩɫɵɪɦɚɥɚɪ:
1)
Ɇɵɧɚɞɚɣ ɝɢɞɪɨɤɫɢɞɬɟɪɞɿԙ: ɇ
2
ɋɈ
3
ɠԥɧɟ ɇ
2
SiO
3
ɚɬɨɦ
ԕԝɪɵɥɵɫɵ ɬԝɪԑɵɫɵɧɚɧ ԕɵɲԕɵɥɞɵԕ ɫɢɩɚɬɬɚɦɚɫɵɧ ɞԥɥɟɥɞɟԙɿɡ.
Ɉɥɚɪɞɵԙ ɤԛɲɿɧ ɠԥɧɟ ɫɭɦɟɧ ԕɚɪɵɦ
-
ԕɚɬɵɧɚɫɵɧ ɤԧɪɫɟɬɿԙɿɡ.
2)
ɀɨԑɚɪɵɞɚ ɤԧɪɫɟɬɿɥɝɟɧ ɨɤɫɨԕɵɲԕɵɥɞɚɪɞɵԙ ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɥɟɪɿɧ
ɚɥɵԙɵɡ ɠԥɧɟ ɨɥɚɪɞɵԙ ɨɪɬɚɫɵɧ ԕɵɲԕɵɥɞɵԕ
-
ɧɟɝɿɡɞɿɤ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ
-
ɥɚɪɞɵԙ ɤԧɦɟɝɿɦɟɧ ɚɧɵԕɬɚԙɵɡ.