Стр. 45 - ДЛЯ ППС

45
x 3s 2 3ɪ43d 0 ( ɧɟɝɿɡɝɿ ɤԛɣ, ȼ=2)
pn pn n n
x 3s 2 3ɪ33d 1 (1-ɲɿ ԕɨɡԑɚɧ ɤԛɣ, ȼ=4)
pn n n n n
x 3s 1 3ɪ33d 2 (2-ɲɿ ԕɨɡԑɚɧ ɤԛɣ, ȼ=6)
n n n n n n
2.5 ʆʺ˕ˆ˓ʹ˘˩ˌ ʾ˛ˇʺ ʾˬˑʺ ˠˆːˆˮˏ˩ˌ
˫ˏʺːʺˑ˘˘ʺ˕ʹ˲˒ ˌʲ˖ˆʺ˘˘ʺ˕˲
Ⱦ.ɂ. Ɇɟɧɞɟɥɟɟɜ 1869 ɠ. 1 ɧɚɭɪɵɡɞɚ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɬɵԕ ɡɚԙɞɵ ɚɲɬɵ:
ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɬɟɪɞɿԙ ԕɨɫɵɥɵɫɬɚɪɵ ɠԥɧɟ ԕɚɪɚɩɚɣɵɦ ɡɚɬɬɚɪɞɵԙ
ԕɚɫɢɟɬɬɟɪɿ ɦɟɧ ɩɿɲɿɧɞɟɪɿ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɬɟɪɞɿԙ ɚɬɨɦɞɵԕ ɦɚɫɫɚɫɵɧɚ
ɩɟɪɢɨɞɬɵ ɬԥɭɟɥɞɿɥɿɤɬɟ ɛɨɥɚɞɵ.
ɉɟɪɢɨɞɬɵΙ ɡɚΝɧɵΝ ԕɚɡɿɪɝɿ ɡɚɦɚɧԑɵ ɬԝɠɵɪɵɦɞɚɦɚɫɵ:
ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɬɟɪɞɿΝ, Ιɚɪɚɩɚɣɵɦ ɡɚɬɬɚɪ ɦɟɧ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɬɟɪ Ιɨɫɵ -
ɥɵɫɬɚɪɵɧɵΝ Ιɚɫɢɟɬɬɟɪɿ ɨɥɚɪɞɵΝ ɚɬɨɦɞɚɪɵɧɵΝ ɹɞɪɨ ɡɚɪɹɞɵ
ɲɚɦɚɫɵɧɚ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɬɵ ɬΩɭɟɥɞɿɥɿɤɬɟ ɛɨɥɚɞɵ.
ɉɟɪɢɨɞɬɵԕ ɡɚԙɧɵԙ ɤɟɫɤɿɧɞɿɤ ɛɟɣɧɟɫɿ ɯɢɦɢɹɥɵԕ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬ-
ɬɟɪɞɿԙ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɬɵԕ ɠԛɣɟɫɿ ɛɨɥɵɩ ɬɚɛɵɥɚɞɵ (ɏɗɉɀ).
ɏɢɦɢɹɥɵԕ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɬɟɪɞɿԙ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɬɵԕ ɠԛɣɟɫɿɧɿԙ ɧɟԑԝɪɥɵɦ
ɤɟԙ ɬɚɪɚɥԑɚɧ ԕɵɫԕɚ ɮɨɪɦɚɫɵɧɵԙ ɛɿɪɧɟɲɟ ɧԝɫԕɚɥɚɪɵ ɛɚɪ.
ɏɢɦɢɹɥɵԕ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɬɟɪɞɿԙ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɬɵԕ ɠԛɣɟɫɿ ɠɟɬɿ
ɩɟɪɢɨɞɬɚɧ, ɫɟɝɿɡ ɬɨɩɬɚɧ (16 ɬɨɩɲɚɞɚɧ) ɠԥɧɟ ɨɧ ԕɚɬɚɪɞɚɧ
ɬԝɪɚɞɵ. I, II, III – ɤɿɲɿ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɬɚɪ ɛɿɪ ԕɚɬɚɪɞɚɧ ɠԥɧɟ ɚɡɞɚԑɚɧ
ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɬɟɪɞɟɧ (I–2 ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɬɟɧ, II, III – 8 ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɬɟɧ) ɬԝɪɚɞɵ;
IV, V, VI, VII – Οɥɤɟɧ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɬɚɪ ɟɤɿ ɠԝɩ ɠԥɧɟ ɬɚԕ ԕɚɬɚɪɞɚɧ
ɬԝɪɚɞɵ (IV, V – 18 ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɬɟɧ, VI – 32 ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɬɟɧ, VII –
ɚɹԕɬɚɥɦɚԑɚɧ).
Ԥɪɛɿɪ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɫɿɥɬɿɥɿɤ ɦɟɬɚɥɞɚɧ ɛɚɫɬɚɥɵɩ, ɢɧɟɪɬɬɿ ɝɚɡɞɚɪɦɟɧ
ɚɹԕɬɚɥɚɞɵ: Li – Ne, Na – Ar, K – Kr, Rb – Xe, Cs – Rn (I, VII
ɩɟɪɢɨɞɬɚɪɞɚɧ ɛɚɫԕɚɫɵ). II–ɲɿ, III–ɲɿ ɠԥɧɟ ԛɥɤɟɧ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɬɚɪɞɵԙ