Упрощенная HTML-версия
406
Ɏɬɨɪɞɵԙ 2ɪ
ɏ
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ɠԥɧɟ 2ɪ
ɍ
ɨɪɛɢɬɚɥɶɞɚɪɵɧɵԙ ɫɭɬɟɤɬɿԙ 1
s-
ɨɪɛɢɬɚɥɵɦɟɧ ԕɚɛɵɫɭɵ ɧԧɥɞɿɤ ɛԛɪɤɟɭ, ɫɨɧɞɵԕɬɚɧ HF ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɚ
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ɫɵɧɞɚԑɵ ɮɬɨɪɞɵԙ 2ɪ
ɏ
– ɠԥɧɟ 2ɪ
ɍ
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ɨɪɛɢɬɚɥɶɞɚɪɵ ɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫɩɚɣɬɵɧ
ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɚɥɵԕ ɨɪɛɢɬɚɥɶɞɚɪɞɵԙ ɪԧɥɿɧ ɚɬԕɚɪɚɞɵ. ɋɭɬɟɝɿ ɮɬɨɪɢɞɿ
ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɚɫɵɧɵԙ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɞɵԕ ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɚɰɢɹɫɵ:
2
S
2
Z
2
ɏ,ɍ
4
.
Ȼɚɣɥɚɧɵɫɬɵɪɚɬɵɧ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɞɚɪ ɤԧɩ ɭɚԕɵɬɬɚ ɮɬɨɪ ɚɬɨɦɵɧɞɚ
ɛɨɥɚɞɵ, ɫɨɧɞɵԕɬɚɧ HF ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɚɫɵ ɩɨɥɸɫɬɿ.
2
-
ɬɚɩɫɵɪɦɚ
.
Ʉԧɦɿɪɬɟɝɿ (IV) ɨɤɫɢɞɿ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɚɫɵ ɞɢɚɦɚɝɧɢɬɬɿ,
ɩɨɥɸɫɫɿɡ, ɋɈ ɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫ ɠɨԑɚɪɵ ɛɟɪɿɤɬɿɤɩɟɧ ɫɢɩɚɬɬɚɥɚɞɵ
ȿ
ɋɈ
= 803 ɤȾɠ/ɦɨɥɶ), ɹɞɪɨ ɚɪɚɫɵɧɞɚԑɵ ԕɚɲɵԕɬɵԑɵ d
CO
0,116
ɧɦ ԕԝɪɚɣɞɵ, 0,027 ɧɦ ɞɚɪɚ ɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫɬɵԙ ԝɡɵɧɞɵԑɵ ɋɈ (d
CO
=
0,143 ɧɦ). ɋɈ
2
ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɚɫɵ ԕԝɪɵɥɵɦɵɧɚɧ ɲɵԑɚɬɵɧɵ, ɤɟɥɬɿ
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ɪɿɥɝɟɧ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɬɿɤ ɦԥɥɿɦɟɬɬɟɪɞɿ ɬԛɫɿɧɞɿɪɿԙɿɡ.
ɒɟɲɭɿ:
Ʉԧɦɿɪɬɟɝɿ (IV) ɨɤɫɢɞɿ ɋɈ
2
ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɚɫɵɧɵԙ ɤɟԙɿɫ
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ɬɿɤɬɿɤ ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɚɰɢɹɫɵɧ ԕɚɪɚɫɬɵɪɚɦɵɡ. Ʉԧɦɿɪɬɟɝɿ ɠԥɧɟ ɨɬɬɟɝɿ
ɚɬɨɦɞɚɪɵ ɤɟɥɟɫɿ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɞɵԕ ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɚɰɢɹԑɚ ɢɟ:
ɋɈ
2
ɤԧɦɿɪɬɟɝɿ ɨɤɫɢɞɿɧɿԙ ɬɨɬɵԑɭ ɞԥɪɟɠɟɫɿ +4 – ɤɟ ɬɟԙ.
Ⱦɟɦɟɤ, ɨɪɬɚɥɵԕ ɚɬɨɦɧɵԙ (ɨ.ɚ.) ɛɚɪɥɵԕ ɬԧɪɬ ɜɚɥɟɧɬɬɿɤ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɵ
ɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫɬɵԙ ɬԛɡɿɥɭɿɧɟ ɠԝɦɫɚɥɚɞɵ; ɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫɩɚɣɬɵɧ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧ
ɠԝɛɵɧɵԙ ɫɚɧɵ ɧԧɥɝɟ ɬɟԙ. Ɉɪɬɚɥɵԕ ɚɬɨɦɧɵԙ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɰɢɹɥɵԕ
ɫɚɧɵɧɚ ɟɤɿ
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ɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫɵɧɵԙ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧ ɠԝɩɬɚɪɵ ɫԥɣɤɟɫ ɤɟɥɟɞɿ,
ɹԑɧɢ, ɋɈ
2
ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɚɫɵ ɫɵɡɵԕɬɵԕ ɮɨɪɦɚԑɚ ɢɟ. ȿɤɿ
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ɛɚɣɥɚ
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ɧɵɫɵɧɵԙ ɬԛɡɿɥɭɿɧɞɟ ɝɢɛɪɢɞɬɟɥɭɞɿԙ ԛɥɝɿɫɿɧɟ ɫԥɣɤɟɫ ɨ.ɚ., ɛɿɪ
s-
ɠԥɧɟ ɛɿɪ ɪ
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ɨɪɛɢɬɚɥɶɞɚɪɵ ԕɚɬɵɫɚɞɵ, ɫɨɧɵԙ ɫɚɥɞɚɪɵɧɚɧ
ɤԧɦɿɪɬɟɝɿɧɿԙ ɜɚɥɟɧɬɬɿɤ ɨɪɛɢɬɚɥɶɞɚɪɵ sp
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ɝɢɛɪɢɞɬɟɥɟɞɿ: