Упрощенная HTML-версия
361
x
Ԕɚɥԑɚɧ
ɝɚɥɨɝɟɧɞɟɪ
(Ƚ) ɫɭɦɟɧ ɬɟɤ ɠɚɪɬɵɥɚɣ ԥɪɟɤɟɬɬɟɫɟɞɿ:
Ƚ
2
+ ɇɈɇ
l
ɇȽ + ɇȽɈ
Ƚ
2
+ ɇɈɇ
l
2ɇ
+
+ 2Ƚ + [Ɉ]
x
ɄΫɦɿɪɬɟɝɿ ɠΩɧɟ ɤɪɟɦɧɢɣ
ɬɟɤ ԕɵɡɞɵɪɵɥԑɚɧ ɫɭ ɛɭɵɦɟɧ
ԧɡɚɪɚ ԥɪɟɤɟɬɬɟɫɟɞɿ
ɋ + ɇ
2
Ɉ (1000
0
ɋ)
o
ɋɈ
n
+ ɇ
2
n
(ɫɭɥɵ ɝɚɡ)
Si
+ 2ɇ
2
Ɉ
o
Si
Ɉ
2
+ 2ɇ
2
n
2.
Ɇɟɬɚɥɞɚɪ ɠΩɧɟ ɛɟɣɦɟɬɚɥɞɚɪɞɵΝ ɫɿɥɬɿɥɟɪɝɟ Ιɚɬɵɧɚɫɵ
x
ɋɿɥɬɿɥɟɪɦɟɧ ɬɟɤ ɤɟɪɧɟɭ ԕɚɬɚɪɵɧɞɚ ɇ
2
-
ɝɟ ɞɟɣɿɧ ɬԝɪԑɚɧ,
ɨɤɫɢɞɬɟɪɿ ɦɟɧ ɝɢɪɨɤɫɢɞɬɟɪɿ ɚɦɮɨɬɟɪɥɿ
( Fe
ɠԥɧɟ
Cr
ɛɚɫԕɚ
)
ɫɢɩɚɬɬɚ ɛɨɥɚɬɵɧ ɦɟɬɚɥɞɚɪ ɠɚɬɚɞɵ:
Ɇɟ +
NaOH
ȿɊ
-
Ⱦȱ
+ ɇ
2
Ɉ
o
ɇ
2
n
+ ɝɢɞɪɨɤɫɨɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫ Ɇɟ;
(ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɬɟɪ ɤ.ɫ. (Ɇɟ
2+
) = 4 ɠԥɧɟ ɤ. ɫ (Ɇɟ
3+
) = 6)
Ɇɟ +
NaOH
Ԕ.
o
ɇ
2
n
+ ɨɪɬɚɲɚ ɨɤɫɨɬԝɡ Ɇɟ
x
Ȼɟɣɦɟɬɚɥɞɚɪɞɚɧ
ɫɿɥɬɿɥɟɪɦɟɧ ɝɚɥɨɝɟɧɞɟɪ Ƚ
2
, Ɋ, S, Si
ԧɡɚɪɚ ԥɪɟɤɟɬɬɟɫɟɞɿ.
ɋ1
2
+ 2ɄɈɇ
o
Ʉɋ1 + Ʉɋ1Ɉ + ɇ
2
Ɉ (
p
Ɍ)
3S + 6KOH
o
2K
2
S + K
2
SO
3
+ 3H
2
O (
n
Ɍ
)
3. Ɇɟɬɚɥɞɚɪ ɠΩɧɟ ɛɟɣɦɟɬɚɥɞɚɪɞɵΝ ɬɨɬɵΙɩɚɣɬɵɧ
ΙɵɲΙɵɥɞɚɪɦɟɧ Ιɚɬɵɧɚɫɵ
ɌɨɬɵΙɩɚɣɬɵɧ ΙɵɲΙɵɥɞɚɪɞɚ ɬɨɬɵΙɬɵɪΕɵɲɬɵΝ ɪΫɥɿɧ
ɨɧɵΝ ΙɵɲΙɵɥ ΙɚɥɞɵΕɵ ɚɬΙɚɪɦɚɣɞɵ, ɤɟɡ ɤɟɥɝɟɧ ΙɵɲɵɥɞɵΝ
ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɫɿɧɞɟ ɛɨɥɚɬɵɧ ɫɭɬɟɝɿ ɇ
+
ɢɨɧɵ ɚɬΙɚɪɚɞɵ.
x
Ʉɟɪɧɟɭ ԕɚɬɚɪɵɧɞɚ ɇ
2
ɞɟɣɿɧ ɬԝɪԑɚɧ ɦɟɬɚɥɞɚɪ ԛɲɿɧ
(ȿ
0
Ɇɟ
n+
/Ɇɟ 0) ɬɨɬɵԕɬɵɪԑɵɲ ɫɭɬɟɝɿ
ɢɨɧɵ ɇ
+
ɛɨɥɵɩ ɬɚɛɵɥɚɞɵ:
Ɇɟ + ɇ
+
o
Ɇɟ
n+
+ ɇ
2
n