Упрощенная HTML-версия
358
ɦɥ
-
ɞɟɧ ɦɵɫ ɫɭɥɶɮɚɬɵɧɵԙ Cu
SO
4
ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɫɿɧ ԕɨɫɵԙɵɡ.
ɋɵɧɚɭɵԕɬɚԑɵ ɫɭɬɟɝɿɧɿԙ ɬԛɪɥɿ ɛԧɥɿɧɭ ԕɚɪԕɵɧɞɵɥɵԑɵɧ ɠԥɧɟ
CuSO
4
ԕɚɬɵɧɚɫɵɧɞɚ ɦɵɪɵɲɬɵԙ ɛɟɬɿɧɞɟ ԕɚɪɚ ɠԝԕɚ ԕɚɛɚɬɵɧɵԙ
ɬԛɡɿɥɝɟɧɿɧ ɛɚɣԕɚԙɵɡɞɚɪ.
4-
ɬΩɠɿɪɢɛɟ
. Ɇɵɪɵɲɩɟɧ ԕɚɩɬɚɥԑɚɧ ɠԥɧɟ
ԕɚɥɚɣɵɥɚɧԑɚɧ ɬɟɦɿɪɞɿԙ ɤɨɪɪɨɡɢɹɫɵ
Ɍɚɩɫɵɪɦɚɥɚɪ:
1)
Ԕɵɲԕɵɥ ɨɪɬɚɞɚ ɦɵɪɵɲɩɟɧ ԕɚɩɬɚɥԑɚɧ (Zn
-
Fe) ɠԥɧɟ
ԕɚɥɚɣɵɥɚɧԑɚɧ ɬɟɦɿɪɞɿԙ (Sn
-F
e), ɦɟɬɚɥɞɚɪɞɵԙ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɬɵ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɞɬɵ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɞɚɪɵɧɵԙ ɦԥɧɿɧ ɟɫɤɟɪɟ ɨɬɵɪɵɩ, ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨ
-
ɯɢɦɢɹɥɵԕ ɤɨɪɪɨɡɢɹɫɵɧɵԙ ɫԝɥɛɚɫɵɧ ԕԝɪɚɫɬɵɪɵԙɵɡ:
ɚ) ȿ
0
Zn
2+
/ Zn =
–
0,76 B
ɛ) ȿ
0
Sn
2+
/ Sn =
–
0,14 B
ɜ) ȿ
0
Fe
2+
/ Fe =
–
0,44 B
2)
Ԕɚɧɞɚɣ ɠԝɩɬɚ Zn
-
Fe ɧɟɦɟɫɟ Sn
-
Fe ɬɟɦɿɪɞɿԙ ɤɨɪɪɨɡɢɹɫɵ
ɠԛɪɟɬɿɧɿɧ ɤԧɪɫɟɬɿԙɿɡ; ԕԝɪɚɫɬɵɪɵɥԑɚɧ Ƚɗ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɞɬɚɪɵɧɞɚ ԧɬɟɬɿɧ
ɯɢɦɢɹɥɵԕ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɥɚɪɞɵԙ ɬɟԙɞɟɭɿɧ ɠɚɡɵԙɵɡ
.
3)
Ԕɚɧɞɚɣ ɠɚԑɞɚɣɞɚ ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɞɟ Fe
2+
ɢɨɧɞɚɪɵɧɵԙ ɬԛɡɿɥɟɬɿɧɿɧ
ɚɧɵԕɬɚԙɵɡ; ɤɚɥɢɣ (ɒ) ɝɟɤɫɚɰɢɚɧɨɮɟɪɪɚɬɵ Ʉ
3
[Fe(CN)
6
] ɪɟɚɤ
-
ɬɢɜɿɦɟɧ Fe
2+
ɢɨɧɞɚɪɵɧ ɬɚɛɭɞɵԙ ɫɚɩɚɥɵԕ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɫɵɦɟɧ ɠɚɭɚɩ
-
ɬɚɪɵԙɵɡɞɵ ɞԥɥɟɥɞɟԙɿɡ
.
4)
Ⱥɥɵɧԑɚɧ ɦԥɥɿɦɟɬɬɟɪɞɿ ɬԛɫɿɧɞɿɪɿԙɿɡ ɠԥɧɟ ɤɨɪɪɨɡɢɹɞɚɧ
ɬɟɦɿɪɞɿ ԕɨɪԑɚɭ ɬɭɪɚɥɵ ԕɨɪɵɬɵɧɞɵ ɠɚɫɚԙɵɡ.
ΘΡɪɚɥɞɚɪ ɠΩɧɟ ɪɟɚɤɬɢɜɬɟɪ.
ɋɵɧɚɭɵԕɬɚɪ, ɞɢɫɬɢɥɞɟɧɝɟɧ ɫɭ
ɇ
2
Ɉ, 2 ɧ ɤԛɤɿɪɬ ԕɵɲԕɵɥɵɧɵԙ H
2
SO
4
ɠԥɧɟ ɤɚɥɢɣ (ɒ) ɝɟɤɫɚ
-
ɰɢɚɧɨɮɟɪɪɚɬɵɧɵԙ Ʉ
3
[Fe(CN)
6
] ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɥɟɪɿ, ԕɨɪԑɚԑɵɲ ɬɟɦɿɪ
ɤɿɞɿɪɿɫɬɟɪɿ Fe, ԕɚɥɚɣɵɥɚɧԑɚɧ ԕɚԕɬɚɦɚ Sn, ɦɵɪɵɲ ɬԛɣɿɪɲɿɤɬɟɪɿ Zn.
ɌΩɠɿɪɢɛɟɧɿΝ ɨɪɵɧɞɚɥɭɵ.
Ⱥɥɞɵɦɟɧ ɟɤɿ ɫɵɧɚɭɵԕ ɚɥɵԙɵɡ
ɠԥɧɟ ɨɥɚɪԑɚ ɠɚɪɬɵɫɵɧɚ ɞɟɣɿɧ ɇ
2
Ɉ, 1
-2
ɦɥ 2 ɧ H
2
SO
4
ɠԥɧɟ
Ʉ
3
[Fe(CN)
6
] ԕԝɣɵԙɵɡ. ȿɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɥɟɪɞɿ ɲɵɧɵ ɬɚɹԕɲɚɦɟɧ ɚɪɚɥɚɫ
-
ɬɵɪɵԙɵɡ.
Fe
2+
ɢɨɧɵɧɚ ɫɚɩɚɥɵΙ ɪɟɚɤɬɢɜ
Ʉ
3
[Fe(CN)
6
]
ɛɨɥɵɩ ɬɚɛɵɥɚɞɵ,
Fe
3
[Fe(CN)
6
]
2
ɬΟɡɿɥɭɿ ɫɚɥɞɚɪɵɧɚɧ ɤΫɤ ɬΟɫɤɟ ɛɨɹɥɚɞɵ.
Ɉɞɚɧ ɚɪɵ